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Variables Details
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EM-658 | |
Document Author
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Jackson, B., T. Pagella, F. Sinclair, B. Orellana, A. Henshaw, B. Reynolds, N. Mcintyre, H. Wheater, and A. Eycott |
Document Year
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2013 |
Aspect ?Comment:Users can also choose to consider aspect (varying according to hemisphere and with zero effect near the equator); this is used to upweight soil drainage and fertility valuations. For example, in the northern hemisphere south facing land catches light and tends to have better natural drainage and fertility characteristics than the “same” soil type in a non-north facing location. This variable is optional. |
Elevation ?Comment:A fundamental input is a Digital Elevation model (DEM). All algorithm calculations and valuations are produced at the resolution of this DEM – this ensures each service valuation delineates the landscape into elements consistent (identical) with the other service valuations so trade-offs can be meaningfully calculated. Applications to date suggest that a 5 m by 5 m DEM provides more than sufficient resolution for making decisions at the field scale. The extent to which utility decreases as resolution degrades is still to be established, but applications using 10 m by 10 m and 20 m by 20 m DEMS have to date provided generally appropriate information. A pre-processing tool is included with Polyscape to generate a hydrologically consistent DEM from a “standard” DEM. |
Habitats of interest ?Comment:Input is spatial coverage of each habitat of interest (map layer). |
Land use land cover |
Local slope ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Planform curvature ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Soil data ?Comment:Soil data is an optional input; this should always be included in regions where it is available (unless known to be of insufficient quality); if not available (as has been our experience in data sparse regions) a benchmark soil hydraulic capacity is input and spatial variations in this are estimated through applying multipliers to the land use through specification of hydraulic capacity multipliers. |
Soil type ?Comment:Class variable for determining soil carbon. |
Species of interest | Stream network |
Upslope drainage area ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Vegatation class ?Comment:Class variable used to determine carbon content of biomass. |
Above ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Below ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Critical slope cut-off for moderately productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. Additional critical slope cut-off values can be established. |
Critical slope cut-off for very productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Cutoff cost at which dispersal across hostile terrain is considered zero ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Species of interest. |
Deadwood biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Litter biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Minimum patch size considered to be of value (habitats of interest) ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Habitats of interest. |
Soil Carbon ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Soil type. |
Soil drainage ?Comment:The values for this variable are dependent on the class variable: Soil type. Soil drainage classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific. Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Soil fertility ?Comment:Values for this variable are determined by the class variable: Soil type. Fertility productivity classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific (for example, nutrient-poor soils might still be considered of high value in a “low” fertility region). Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Threshold compound topographic index ?Comment:In addition to the topographic controls represented by the CTI, the probability of soil erosion occurring at a particular location is also dependent on factors such as soil and vegetation characteristics (Morgan, 2005). These influences are represented in Polyscape through the use of user-defined critical, or threshold, CTI values. These can be empirically defined for a particular region, soil type, crop combination, etc., on the basis of local knowledge, field observations or aerial photography (cf. Thorne & Zevenbergen, 1990), or through the use of values derived for comparable sites. |
Biomass carbon ?Comment:Computed from above ground, below ground, deadwood, and litter biomass per vegetation class. |
Compound topographic index |
Agricultural productivity ?Comment:Mapped results. The land is valued independently from its current land use; bright red indicates sites with very high potential productivity (e.g., flat and well-drained land); dark red denotes land with moderate potential; orange suggests marginal land (e.g., moderately sloping so difficult to manage with normal machinery); green land is deemed to have little or no agricultural value (e.g., steep and/or normally waterlogged). Additional output examines whether land is being under or over utilized. |
Carbon stock ?Comment:The carbon stock combines biomas carbon and soil carbon. |
Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs ?Comment:By running those layers of interest through the trade-off algorithms, it is possible to identify areas where interventions provide multiple benefits and those where intervention is undesirable due to the existing agricultural or ecological value. This paper considers three of the services provided by the current (post-tree planting) Pontbren landscape: agricultural productivity, habitat provision, and flood risk mitigation opportunities. Mapped results identify locations in space where synergies, deteriorated services, or tradeoffs between services would occur by planting further broadleaved woodland. Additional results summarize the overall percentages of land where various combinations of negative or positive benefits from planting would occur. |
Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation ?Comment:The transfer of eroded sediment to rivers and streams relies on the existence of hydrological connectivity between the point of origin and the watercourse (cf. Lane et al., 2009). Areas of land which are vulnerable to severe soil erosion and at risk of being linked to proximate watercourses by uninterrupted overland flow are identified in Polyscape by combining the CTI layer with the flood mitigation tool. Mapped results. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of flood mitigating land and mitigated flood generating land. |
Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of priority habitat and other accessible (connected) habitat. |
Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission ?Comment:Mapped result. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
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Variable ID
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15459 | 15431 | 15432 | 15437 | 15442 | 15443 | 15439 | 15453 | 15434 | 15438 | 15441 | 15447 | 15448 | 15449 | 15456 | 15455 | 15435 | 15450 | 15451 | 15433 | 15454 | 15457 | 15458 | 15445 | 15452 | 15444 | 15462 | 15460 | 15463 | 15446 | 15440 | 15436 | 15461 |
Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | S | PLANC | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | A | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | CTI | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | |
Qualitative-Quantitative
variable.detail.continuousCategoricalHelp
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Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Quantitative (Cardinal Only) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) | Qualitative (Class, Rating or Ranking) |
Cardinal-Ordinal
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Cardinal | Cardinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal | Cardinal | Non-Ordinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Cardinal | Non-Ordinal | Cardinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal | Non-Ordinal |
degrees | m | Not applicable | Not applicable | m m^-1 | 1/100 m | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | m2 | Not applicable | kg ha^-1 | kg ha^-1 | degrees | degrees | Not reported | kg ha^-1 | kg ha^-1 | Not reported | kg ha^-1 | Not reported | Not reported | m | kg ha^-1 | m | Not applicable | kg/ha | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Aspect ?Comment:Users can also choose to consider aspect (varying according to hemisphere and with zero effect near the equator); this is used to upweight soil drainage and fertility valuations. For example, in the northern hemisphere south facing land catches light and tends to have better natural drainage and fertility characteristics than the “same” soil type in a non-north facing location. This variable is optional. |
Elevation ?Comment:A fundamental input is a Digital Elevation model (DEM). All algorithm calculations and valuations are produced at the resolution of this DEM – this ensures each service valuation delineates the landscape into elements consistent (identical) with the other service valuations so trade-offs can be meaningfully calculated. Applications to date suggest that a 5 m by 5 m DEM provides more than sufficient resolution for making decisions at the field scale. The extent to which utility decreases as resolution degrades is still to be established, but applications using 10 m by 10 m and 20 m by 20 m DEMS have to date provided generally appropriate information. A pre-processing tool is included with Polyscape to generate a hydrologically consistent DEM from a “standard” DEM. |
Habitats of interest ?Comment:Input is spatial coverage of each habitat of interest (map layer). |
Land use land cover |
Local slope ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Planform curvature ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Soil data ?Comment:Soil data is an optional input; this should always be included in regions where it is available (unless known to be of insufficient quality); if not available (as has been our experience in data sparse regions) a benchmark soil hydraulic capacity is input and spatial variations in this are estimated through applying multipliers to the land use through specification of hydraulic capacity multipliers. |
Soil type ?Comment:Class variable for determining soil carbon. |
Species of interest | Stream network |
Upslope drainage area ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Vegatation class ?Comment:Class variable used to determine carbon content of biomass. |
Above ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Below ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Critical slope cut-off for moderately productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. Additional critical slope cut-off values can be established. |
Critical slope cut-off for very productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Cutoff cost at which dispersal across hostile terrain is considered zero ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Species of interest. |
Deadwood biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Litter biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Minimum patch size considered to be of value (habitats of interest) ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Habitats of interest. |
Soil Carbon ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Soil type. |
Soil drainage ?Comment:The values for this variable are dependent on the class variable: Soil type. Soil drainage classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific. Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Soil fertility ?Comment:Values for this variable are determined by the class variable: Soil type. Fertility productivity classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific (for example, nutrient-poor soils might still be considered of high value in a “low” fertility region). Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Threshold compound topographic index ?Comment:In addition to the topographic controls represented by the CTI, the probability of soil erosion occurring at a particular location is also dependent on factors such as soil and vegetation characteristics (Morgan, 2005). These influences are represented in Polyscape through the use of user-defined critical, or threshold, CTI values. These can be empirically defined for a particular region, soil type, crop combination, etc., on the basis of local knowledge, field observations or aerial photography (cf. Thorne & Zevenbergen, 1990), or through the use of values derived for comparable sites. |
Biomass carbon ?Comment:Computed from above ground, below ground, deadwood, and litter biomass per vegetation class. |
Compound topographic index |
Agricultural productivity ?Comment:Mapped results. The land is valued independently from its current land use; bright red indicates sites with very high potential productivity (e.g., flat and well-drained land); dark red denotes land with moderate potential; orange suggests marginal land (e.g., moderately sloping so difficult to manage with normal machinery); green land is deemed to have little or no agricultural value (e.g., steep and/or normally waterlogged). Additional output examines whether land is being under or over utilized. |
Carbon stock ?Comment:The carbon stock combines biomas carbon and soil carbon. |
Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs ?Comment:By running those layers of interest through the trade-off algorithms, it is possible to identify areas where interventions provide multiple benefits and those where intervention is undesirable due to the existing agricultural or ecological value. This paper considers three of the services provided by the current (post-tree planting) Pontbren landscape: agricultural productivity, habitat provision, and flood risk mitigation opportunities. Mapped results identify locations in space where synergies, deteriorated services, or tradeoffs between services would occur by planting further broadleaved woodland. Additional results summarize the overall percentages of land where various combinations of negative or positive benefits from planting would occur. |
Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation ?Comment:The transfer of eroded sediment to rivers and streams relies on the existence of hydrological connectivity between the point of origin and the watercourse (cf. Lane et al., 2009). Areas of land which are vulnerable to severe soil erosion and at risk of being linked to proximate watercourses by uninterrupted overland flow are identified in Polyscape by combining the CTI layer with the flood mitigation tool. Mapped results. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of flood mitigating land and mitigated flood generating land. |
Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of priority habitat and other accessible (connected) habitat. |
Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission ?Comment:Mapped result. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
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Predictor-Intermediate-Response
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Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Predictor |
Intermediate (Computed) Variable |
Intermediate (Computed) Variable |
Response |
Response |
Response |
Response |
Response |
Response |
Response |
Predictor Variable Type
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Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Time- or Space-varying Variable |
Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Constant or Parameter | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Response Variable Type
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Computed Variable |
Computed Variable |
Computed Variable |
Computed Variable |
Computed Variable |
Computed Variable |
Computed Variable |
Data Source/Type
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Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Derived as output of another model (and not found in a widely available database) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) |
Other or unclear (comment) ?Comment:Source was not reported. |
Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Derived from a look-up table | Derived from a look-up table | Obtained by Best Professional Judgment | Obtained by Best Professional Judgment |
Other or unclear (comment) ?Comment:Source was not reported |
Derived from a look-up table | Derived from a look-up table |
Other or unclear (comment) ?Comment:Source not reported in paper. |
Derived from a look-up table | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) | Map or database (e.g., wide coverage, wide availability, measured or modeled) |
Transferred Values (e.g., from literature; transferred spatially, temporally or across scales) ?Comment:The values for this variable can be determined using different methods. |
Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Variable Classification Hierarchy
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2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
2. Land Surface (or Water Body) Cover, Use, Substrate, or Metric |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
5. Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Biological characteristics, processes or requirements of living ecosystem components |
--Land use/land cover type or dominant habitat type |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Physical/chemical characteristics of nonliving ecosystem components |
--Dominant soil or substrate type |
--Biological characteristics, processes or requirements of living ecosystem components |
--Demarcation of watershed, channel, floodplain, shore, coastline, flowline |
--Spatial resolution or extent of cell, pixel, polygon |
--Land use/land cover type or dominant habitat type |
--Biomass, litter or residue characteristics |
--Biomass, litter or residue characteristics |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Biological characteristics, processes or requirements of living ecosystem components |
--Biomass, litter or residue characteristics |
--Biomass, litter or residue characteristics |
--Ecosystem- or landscape-level metrics or indices of ecological condition, rarity or vulnerability |
--Chemical (C, N, P, sediment/particulate) characteristics of ecosystem components |
--Physical/chemical characteristics of nonliving ecosystem components |
--Physical/chemical characteristics of nonliving ecosystem components |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--Chemical (C, N, P, sediment/particulate) characteristics of ecosystem components |
--Geographic position, horizontal or vertical |
--CICES categories: Ecosystem goods and services - or landscape-level indices of suitability to supply EGS |
--Chemical (C, N, P, sediment/particulate) characteristics of ecosystem components |
--Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
--Physical/chemical characteristics of nonliving ecosystem components |
--CICES categories: Ecosystem goods and services - or landscape-level indices of suitability to supply EGS |
--CICES categories: Ecosystem goods and services - or landscape-level indices of suitability to supply EGS |
--CICES categories: Ecosystem goods and services - or landscape-level indices of suitability to supply EGS |
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----Slope, roughness, ruggedness |
----Elevation, altitude, bathymetry |
----Biological characteristics, processes or requirements of ecological communities |
----Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
----Slope, roughness, ruggedness |
----Slope, roughness, ruggedness |
----Physical/chemical characteristics of soils, substrates, rocks |
----Biological characteristics, processes or requirements of fauna |
----Flowline demarcation or dimension |
----Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
----Mass or quantity of biomass, litter or residue |
----Mass or quantity of biomass, litter or residue |
----Slope, roughness, ruggedness |
----Slope, roughness, ruggedness |
----Biological characteristics, processes or requirements of fauna |
----Mass or quantity of biomass, litter or residue |
----Mass or quantity of biomass, litter or residue |
----Forest condition, rarity or vulnerability |
----Carbon-related characteristics of ecosystem components |
----Physical/chemical characteristics of soils, substrates, rocks |
----Physical/chemical characteristics of soils, substrates, rocks |
----Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
----Carbon-related characteristics of ecosystem components |
----Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
----Suitability to supply provisioning services-Nutrition |
----Carbon-related characteristics of ecosystem components |
----Physical/chemical characteristics of soils, substrates, rocks |
----Suitability to supply regulation & maintenance services-Mediation of flows |
----Suitability to supply regulation & maintenance services-Maintenance of conditions |
----Suitability to supply regulation & maintenance services-Maintenance of conditions |
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------Forest communities |
------Soil hydrologic characteristics |
------Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
------Other, multiple, unspecified or unclear |
------Carbon presence (in terrestrial or aquatic ecosystem components) |
------Soil hydrologic characteristics |
------Soil chemistry, composition, and characteristics (non-contaminants) |
------Carbon presence (in terrestrial or aquatic ecosystem components) |
------Cultivated crops |
------Carbon presence (in terrestrial or aquatic ecosystem components) |
------Soil, slope or land stability or erosiveness |
------Flood and storm protection |
------Maintaining nursery populations and habitats |
------Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations |
Aspect ?Comment:Users can also choose to consider aspect (varying according to hemisphere and with zero effect near the equator); this is used to upweight soil drainage and fertility valuations. For example, in the northern hemisphere south facing land catches light and tends to have better natural drainage and fertility characteristics than the “same” soil type in a non-north facing location. This variable is optional. |
Elevation ?Comment:A fundamental input is a Digital Elevation model (DEM). All algorithm calculations and valuations are produced at the resolution of this DEM – this ensures each service valuation delineates the landscape into elements consistent (identical) with the other service valuations so trade-offs can be meaningfully calculated. Applications to date suggest that a 5 m by 5 m DEM provides more than sufficient resolution for making decisions at the field scale. The extent to which utility decreases as resolution degrades is still to be established, but applications using 10 m by 10 m and 20 m by 20 m DEMS have to date provided generally appropriate information. A pre-processing tool is included with Polyscape to generate a hydrologically consistent DEM from a “standard” DEM. |
Habitats of interest ?Comment:Input is spatial coverage of each habitat of interest (map layer). |
Land use land cover |
Local slope ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Planform curvature ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Soil data ?Comment:Soil data is an optional input; this should always be included in regions where it is available (unless known to be of insufficient quality); if not available (as has been our experience in data sparse regions) a benchmark soil hydraulic capacity is input and spatial variations in this are estimated through applying multipliers to the land use through specification of hydraulic capacity multipliers. |
Soil type ?Comment:Class variable for determining soil carbon. |
Species of interest | Stream network |
Upslope drainage area ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Vegatation class ?Comment:Class variable used to determine carbon content of biomass. |
Above ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Below ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Critical slope cut-off for moderately productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. Additional critical slope cut-off values can be established. |
Critical slope cut-off for very productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Cutoff cost at which dispersal across hostile terrain is considered zero ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Species of interest. |
Deadwood biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Litter biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Minimum patch size considered to be of value (habitats of interest) ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Habitats of interest. |
Soil Carbon ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Soil type. |
Soil drainage ?Comment:The values for this variable are dependent on the class variable: Soil type. Soil drainage classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific. Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Soil fertility ?Comment:Values for this variable are determined by the class variable: Soil type. Fertility productivity classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific (for example, nutrient-poor soils might still be considered of high value in a “low” fertility region). Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Threshold compound topographic index ?Comment:In addition to the topographic controls represented by the CTI, the probability of soil erosion occurring at a particular location is also dependent on factors such as soil and vegetation characteristics (Morgan, 2005). These influences are represented in Polyscape through the use of user-defined critical, or threshold, CTI values. These can be empirically defined for a particular region, soil type, crop combination, etc., on the basis of local knowledge, field observations or aerial photography (cf. Thorne & Zevenbergen, 1990), or through the use of values derived for comparable sites. |
Biomass carbon ?Comment:Computed from above ground, below ground, deadwood, and litter biomass per vegetation class. |
Compound topographic index |
Agricultural productivity ?Comment:Mapped results. The land is valued independently from its current land use; bright red indicates sites with very high potential productivity (e.g., flat and well-drained land); dark red denotes land with moderate potential; orange suggests marginal land (e.g., moderately sloping so difficult to manage with normal machinery); green land is deemed to have little or no agricultural value (e.g., steep and/or normally waterlogged). Additional output examines whether land is being under or over utilized. |
Carbon stock ?Comment:The carbon stock combines biomas carbon and soil carbon. |
Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs ?Comment:By running those layers of interest through the trade-off algorithms, it is possible to identify areas where interventions provide multiple benefits and those where intervention is undesirable due to the existing agricultural or ecological value. This paper considers three of the services provided by the current (post-tree planting) Pontbren landscape: agricultural productivity, habitat provision, and flood risk mitigation opportunities. Mapped results identify locations in space where synergies, deteriorated services, or tradeoffs between services would occur by planting further broadleaved woodland. Additional results summarize the overall percentages of land where various combinations of negative or positive benefits from planting would occur. |
Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation ?Comment:The transfer of eroded sediment to rivers and streams relies on the existence of hydrological connectivity between the point of origin and the watercourse (cf. Lane et al., 2009). Areas of land which are vulnerable to severe soil erosion and at risk of being linked to proximate watercourses by uninterrupted overland flow are identified in Polyscape by combining the CTI layer with the flood mitigation tool. Mapped results. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of flood mitigating land and mitigated flood generating land. |
Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of priority habitat and other accessible (connected) habitat. |
Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission ?Comment:Mapped result. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
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Spatial Extent Area
variable.detail.spExtentHelp
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10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 | 10-100 km^2 |
Spatially Distributed?
variable.detail.spDistributedHelp
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Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Observations Spatially Patterned?
variable.detail.regularSpGrainHelp
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Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Spatial Grain Type
variable.detail.spGrainTypeHelp
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area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Paarameter Variables | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature | area, for pixel or radial feature |
Spatial Grain Size
variable.detail.spGrainSizeHelp
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Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
Spatial Density
variable.detail.spDensityHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
EnviroAtlas URL
variable.detail.enviroAtlasURLHelp
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The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) |
Aspect ?Comment:Users can also choose to consider aspect (varying according to hemisphere and with zero effect near the equator); this is used to upweight soil drainage and fertility valuations. For example, in the northern hemisphere south facing land catches light and tends to have better natural drainage and fertility characteristics than the “same” soil type in a non-north facing location. This variable is optional. |
Elevation ?Comment:A fundamental input is a Digital Elevation model (DEM). All algorithm calculations and valuations are produced at the resolution of this DEM – this ensures each service valuation delineates the landscape into elements consistent (identical) with the other service valuations so trade-offs can be meaningfully calculated. Applications to date suggest that a 5 m by 5 m DEM provides more than sufficient resolution for making decisions at the field scale. The extent to which utility decreases as resolution degrades is still to be established, but applications using 10 m by 10 m and 20 m by 20 m DEMS have to date provided generally appropriate information. A pre-processing tool is included with Polyscape to generate a hydrologically consistent DEM from a “standard” DEM. |
Habitats of interest ?Comment:Input is spatial coverage of each habitat of interest (map layer). |
Land use land cover |
Local slope ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Planform curvature ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Soil data ?Comment:Soil data is an optional input; this should always be included in regions where it is available (unless known to be of insufficient quality); if not available (as has been our experience in data sparse regions) a benchmark soil hydraulic capacity is input and spatial variations in this are estimated through applying multipliers to the land use through specification of hydraulic capacity multipliers. |
Soil type ?Comment:Class variable for determining soil carbon. |
Species of interest | Stream network |
Upslope drainage area ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Vegatation class ?Comment:Class variable used to determine carbon content of biomass. |
Above ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Below ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Critical slope cut-off for moderately productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. Additional critical slope cut-off values can be established. |
Critical slope cut-off for very productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Cutoff cost at which dispersal across hostile terrain is considered zero ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Species of interest. |
Deadwood biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Litter biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Minimum patch size considered to be of value (habitats of interest) ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Habitats of interest. |
Soil Carbon ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Soil type. |
Soil drainage ?Comment:The values for this variable are dependent on the class variable: Soil type. Soil drainage classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific. Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Soil fertility ?Comment:Values for this variable are determined by the class variable: Soil type. Fertility productivity classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific (for example, nutrient-poor soils might still be considered of high value in a “low” fertility region). Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Threshold compound topographic index ?Comment:In addition to the topographic controls represented by the CTI, the probability of soil erosion occurring at a particular location is also dependent on factors such as soil and vegetation characteristics (Morgan, 2005). These influences are represented in Polyscape through the use of user-defined critical, or threshold, CTI values. These can be empirically defined for a particular region, soil type, crop combination, etc., on the basis of local knowledge, field observations or aerial photography (cf. Thorne & Zevenbergen, 1990), or through the use of values derived for comparable sites. |
Biomass carbon ?Comment:Computed from above ground, below ground, deadwood, and litter biomass per vegetation class. |
Compound topographic index |
Agricultural productivity ?Comment:Mapped results. The land is valued independently from its current land use; bright red indicates sites with very high potential productivity (e.g., flat and well-drained land); dark red denotes land with moderate potential; orange suggests marginal land (e.g., moderately sloping so difficult to manage with normal machinery); green land is deemed to have little or no agricultural value (e.g., steep and/or normally waterlogged). Additional output examines whether land is being under or over utilized. |
Carbon stock ?Comment:The carbon stock combines biomas carbon and soil carbon. |
Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs ?Comment:By running those layers of interest through the trade-off algorithms, it is possible to identify areas where interventions provide multiple benefits and those where intervention is undesirable due to the existing agricultural or ecological value. This paper considers three of the services provided by the current (post-tree planting) Pontbren landscape: agricultural productivity, habitat provision, and flood risk mitigation opportunities. Mapped results identify locations in space where synergies, deteriorated services, or tradeoffs between services would occur by planting further broadleaved woodland. Additional results summarize the overall percentages of land where various combinations of negative or positive benefits from planting would occur. |
Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation ?Comment:The transfer of eroded sediment to rivers and streams relies on the existence of hydrological connectivity between the point of origin and the watercourse (cf. Lane et al., 2009). Areas of land which are vulnerable to severe soil erosion and at risk of being linked to proximate watercourses by uninterrupted overland flow are identified in Polyscape by combining the CTI layer with the flood mitigation tool. Mapped results. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of flood mitigating land and mitigated flood generating land. |
Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of priority habitat and other accessible (connected) habitat. |
Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission ?Comment:Mapped result. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
|
Temporal Extent
variable.detail.tempExtentHelp
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1990-2007 | Not reported | 1990 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 | 1990-2007 |
Temporally Distributed?
variable.detail.tempDistributedHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Regular Temporal Grain?
variable.detail.regularTempGrainHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Temporal Grain Size Value
variable.detail.tempGrainSizeValHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Temporal Grain Size Units
variable.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Temporal Density
variable.detail.tempDensityHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Aspect ?Comment:Users can also choose to consider aspect (varying according to hemisphere and with zero effect near the equator); this is used to upweight soil drainage and fertility valuations. For example, in the northern hemisphere south facing land catches light and tends to have better natural drainage and fertility characteristics than the “same” soil type in a non-north facing location. This variable is optional. |
Elevation ?Comment:A fundamental input is a Digital Elevation model (DEM). All algorithm calculations and valuations are produced at the resolution of this DEM – this ensures each service valuation delineates the landscape into elements consistent (identical) with the other service valuations so trade-offs can be meaningfully calculated. Applications to date suggest that a 5 m by 5 m DEM provides more than sufficient resolution for making decisions at the field scale. The extent to which utility decreases as resolution degrades is still to be established, but applications using 10 m by 10 m and 20 m by 20 m DEMS have to date provided generally appropriate information. A pre-processing tool is included with Polyscape to generate a hydrologically consistent DEM from a “standard” DEM. |
Habitats of interest ?Comment:Input is spatial coverage of each habitat of interest (map layer). |
Land use land cover |
Local slope ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Planform curvature ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Soil data ?Comment:Soil data is an optional input; this should always be included in regions where it is available (unless known to be of insufficient quality); if not available (as has been our experience in data sparse regions) a benchmark soil hydraulic capacity is input and spatial variations in this are estimated through applying multipliers to the land use through specification of hydraulic capacity multipliers. |
Soil type ?Comment:Class variable for determining soil carbon. |
Species of interest | Stream network |
Upslope drainage area ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Vegatation class ?Comment:Class variable used to determine carbon content of biomass. |
Above ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Below ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Critical slope cut-off for moderately productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. Additional critical slope cut-off values can be established. |
Critical slope cut-off for very productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Cutoff cost at which dispersal across hostile terrain is considered zero ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Species of interest. |
Deadwood biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Litter biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Minimum patch size considered to be of value (habitats of interest) ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Habitats of interest. |
Soil Carbon ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Soil type. |
Soil drainage ?Comment:The values for this variable are dependent on the class variable: Soil type. Soil drainage classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific. Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Soil fertility ?Comment:Values for this variable are determined by the class variable: Soil type. Fertility productivity classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific (for example, nutrient-poor soils might still be considered of high value in a “low” fertility region). Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Threshold compound topographic index ?Comment:In addition to the topographic controls represented by the CTI, the probability of soil erosion occurring at a particular location is also dependent on factors such as soil and vegetation characteristics (Morgan, 2005). These influences are represented in Polyscape through the use of user-defined critical, or threshold, CTI values. These can be empirically defined for a particular region, soil type, crop combination, etc., on the basis of local knowledge, field observations or aerial photography (cf. Thorne & Zevenbergen, 1990), or through the use of values derived for comparable sites. |
Biomass carbon ?Comment:Computed from above ground, below ground, deadwood, and litter biomass per vegetation class. |
Compound topographic index |
Agricultural productivity ?Comment:Mapped results. The land is valued independently from its current land use; bright red indicates sites with very high potential productivity (e.g., flat and well-drained land); dark red denotes land with moderate potential; orange suggests marginal land (e.g., moderately sloping so difficult to manage with normal machinery); green land is deemed to have little or no agricultural value (e.g., steep and/or normally waterlogged). Additional output examines whether land is being under or over utilized. |
Carbon stock ?Comment:The carbon stock combines biomas carbon and soil carbon. |
Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs ?Comment:By running those layers of interest through the trade-off algorithms, it is possible to identify areas where interventions provide multiple benefits and those where intervention is undesirable due to the existing agricultural or ecological value. This paper considers three of the services provided by the current (post-tree planting) Pontbren landscape: agricultural productivity, habitat provision, and flood risk mitigation opportunities. Mapped results identify locations in space where synergies, deteriorated services, or tradeoffs between services would occur by planting further broadleaved woodland. Additional results summarize the overall percentages of land where various combinations of negative or positive benefits from planting would occur. |
Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation ?Comment:The transfer of eroded sediment to rivers and streams relies on the existence of hydrological connectivity between the point of origin and the watercourse (cf. Lane et al., 2009). Areas of land which are vulnerable to severe soil erosion and at risk of being linked to proximate watercourses by uninterrupted overland flow are identified in Polyscape by combining the CTI layer with the flood mitigation tool. Mapped results. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of flood mitigating land and mitigated flood generating land. |
Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of priority habitat and other accessible (connected) habitat. |
Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission ?Comment:Mapped result. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
|
Not reported | m | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported |
Not reported ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Not reported ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported |
m ?Comment:Areas of “opportunity for change” have CTI values (see Section 2.3 for definition) exceeding 10 m, while areas of “high opportunity for change” have CTI values exceeding 50 m. These thresholds were selected on the basis of empirically derived critical CTI values presented in Parker et al. (2010). |
Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported |
Not applicable ?Comment:Land under Category 1 is providing benefit to all services under its existing management regime, Category 2 is providing benefit to some services and no negative impacts under its existing regime; Category 3 is EITHER land providing negligible current provision but also with negligible opportunity to enhance this provision OR its current management regime is positive for some services and negative for others. Category 4 land indicates opportunity to improve some services without degradation in any others, and Category 5 land indicates opportunity to improve all services. |
Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | |
Min Value
variable.detail.minEstHelp
?
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Not reported | 170 | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Max Value
variable.detail.estHelp
?
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Not reported | 425 | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | 50 | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Other Value Type
variable.detail.natureOtherEstHelp
?
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Single Observation or Parameter Value | Single Observation or Parameter Value | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Single Observation or Parameter Value | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Other Value
variable.detail.otherEstHelp
?
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Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not reported | 15 | 5 | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | 10 | Not reported | Not reported | Not applicable | Not reported | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Aspect ?Comment:Users can also choose to consider aspect (varying according to hemisphere and with zero effect near the equator); this is used to upweight soil drainage and fertility valuations. For example, in the northern hemisphere south facing land catches light and tends to have better natural drainage and fertility characteristics than the “same” soil type in a non-north facing location. This variable is optional. |
Elevation ?Comment:A fundamental input is a Digital Elevation model (DEM). All algorithm calculations and valuations are produced at the resolution of this DEM – this ensures each service valuation delineates the landscape into elements consistent (identical) with the other service valuations so trade-offs can be meaningfully calculated. Applications to date suggest that a 5 m by 5 m DEM provides more than sufficient resolution for making decisions at the field scale. The extent to which utility decreases as resolution degrades is still to be established, but applications using 10 m by 10 m and 20 m by 20 m DEMS have to date provided generally appropriate information. A pre-processing tool is included with Polyscape to generate a hydrologically consistent DEM from a “standard” DEM. |
Habitats of interest ?Comment:Input is spatial coverage of each habitat of interest (map layer). |
Land use land cover |
Local slope ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Planform curvature ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Soil data ?Comment:Soil data is an optional input; this should always be included in regions where it is available (unless known to be of insufficient quality); if not available (as has been our experience in data sparse regions) a benchmark soil hydraulic capacity is input and spatial variations in this are estimated through applying multipliers to the land use through specification of hydraulic capacity multipliers. |
Soil type ?Comment:Class variable for determining soil carbon. |
Species of interest | Stream network |
Upslope drainage area ?Comment:This variable is used in Erosion/sediment delivery risk tool. |
Vegatation class ?Comment:Class variable used to determine carbon content of biomass. |
Above ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Below ground biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Critical slope cut-off for moderately productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. Additional critical slope cut-off values can be established. |
Critical slope cut-off for very productive land ?Comment:The value reported here is the default value for this variable. However, the user can specify other slope threshold values. Appropriate threshold values will change according to region, and according to quality/resolution of the DEM. |
Cutoff cost at which dispersal across hostile terrain is considered zero ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Species of interest. |
Deadwood biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Litter biomass ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Vegetation class. |
Minimum patch size considered to be of value (habitats of interest) ?Comment:The value for this variable is determined by the class variable; Habitats of interest. |
Soil Carbon ?Comment:Values determined by class variable: Soil type. |
Soil drainage ?Comment:The values for this variable are dependent on the class variable: Soil type. Soil drainage classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific. Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Soil fertility ?Comment:Values for this variable are determined by the class variable: Soil type. Fertility productivity classifications are dataset-specific and can also be regionally specific (for example, nutrient-poor soils might still be considered of high value in a “low” fertility region). Default parameterisations are provided for national data in the UK (National Soil Resources Institute) and in NZ (NZ Land Resource Inventory), and the user is able to adjust these as required. For other regions, users can input tables with their own classifications of soils and then run the tool. |
Threshold compound topographic index ?Comment:In addition to the topographic controls represented by the CTI, the probability of soil erosion occurring at a particular location is also dependent on factors such as soil and vegetation characteristics (Morgan, 2005). These influences are represented in Polyscape through the use of user-defined critical, or threshold, CTI values. These can be empirically defined for a particular region, soil type, crop combination, etc., on the basis of local knowledge, field observations or aerial photography (cf. Thorne & Zevenbergen, 1990), or through the use of values derived for comparable sites. |
Biomass carbon ?Comment:Computed from above ground, below ground, deadwood, and litter biomass per vegetation class. |
Compound topographic index |
Agricultural productivity ?Comment:Mapped results. The land is valued independently from its current land use; bright red indicates sites with very high potential productivity (e.g., flat and well-drained land); dark red denotes land with moderate potential; orange suggests marginal land (e.g., moderately sloping so difficult to manage with normal machinery); green land is deemed to have little or no agricultural value (e.g., steep and/or normally waterlogged). Additional output examines whether land is being under or over utilized. |
Carbon stock ?Comment:The carbon stock combines biomas carbon and soil carbon. |
Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs ?Comment:By running those layers of interest through the trade-off algorithms, it is possible to identify areas where interventions provide multiple benefits and those where intervention is undesirable due to the existing agricultural or ecological value. This paper considers three of the services provided by the current (post-tree planting) Pontbren landscape: agricultural productivity, habitat provision, and flood risk mitigation opportunities. Mapped results identify locations in space where synergies, deteriorated services, or tradeoffs between services would occur by planting further broadleaved woodland. Additional results summarize the overall percentages of land where various combinations of negative or positive benefits from planting would occur. |
Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation ?Comment:The transfer of eroded sediment to rivers and streams relies on the existence of hydrological connectivity between the point of origin and the watercourse (cf. Lane et al., 2009). Areas of land which are vulnerable to severe soil erosion and at risk of being linked to proximate watercourses by uninterrupted overland flow are identified in Polyscape by combining the CTI layer with the flood mitigation tool. Mapped results. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of flood mitigating land and mitigated flood generating land. |
Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity ?Comment:Mapped results are presented for the two scenarios. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. The paper further calculates the proportions of priority habitat and other accessible (connected) habitat. |
Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission ?Comment:Mapped result. Model output classifies elements (i.e., each grid of elevation data) within the landscape into one of five categories; very high existing value, high existing value, marginal value, opportunity for change or high opportunity for change. These classifications are visualised using a five-way colour system. The default palette uses a traffic light system; red colours suggest that stakeholders “STOP and think carefully before making any changes to the landscape at these locations”, yellow means “proceed with caution”, and green colours indicate a “green light to proceed with modifying the landscape”. |
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Variability Expression Given?
variable.detail.variabilityExpHelp
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No | No | Not applicable | Not applicable | No | No | No | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | No | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | No | No | Not applicable | No | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Variability Metric
variable.detail.variabilityMetricHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Variability Value
variable.detail.variabilityValueHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Variability Units
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Resampling Used?
variable.detail.bootstrappingHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Variability Expression Used in Modeling?
variable.detail.variabilityUsedHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not recorded for Constant or Parameter Variables | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Agricultural productivity | Carbon stock | Ecosystem services synergies and tradoffs | Erosion/sediment delivery risk and opportunity for mitigation | Existing and opportunity for additional flood mitigation | Existing and opportunity for additional habitat connectivity | Opportunity to change carbon sequestration/emission | |
Variable ID
variable.detail.varIdHelp
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15462 | 15460 | 15463 | 15446 | 15440 | 15436 | 15461 |
Validated?
variable.detail.resValidatedHelp
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Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Validation Approach (within, between, etc.)
variable.detail.validationApproachHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Validation Quality (Qual/Quant)
variable.detail.validationQualityHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Validation Method (Stat/Deviance)
variable.detail.validationMethodHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Validation Metric
variable.detail.validationMetricHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Validation Value
variable.detail.validationValHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Validation Units
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
Use of Measured Response Data
variable.detail.measuredResponseDataHelp
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None | None | None | None | None | None | None |