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EM Identity and Description

EM Identification (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Short Name em.detail.shortNameHelp ?	HexSim, tule elk, California, USA	*	*	*	*
EM Full Name em.detail.fullNameHelp ?	HexSim, tule elk, California, USA	*	*	*	*
EM Source or Collection em.detail.emSourceOrCollectionHelp ?	US EPA	*	*	*	*
EM Source Document ID	328 ? Comment: The HexSim User's Guide (Doc 327) was used as a secondary source to clarify variable relationships.	*	*	*	*
Document Author em.detail.documentAuthorHelp ?	Huber, P. R., S. E. Greco, N. H. Schumaker, and J. Hobbs	*	*	*	*
Document Year em.detail.documentYearHelp ?	2014	*	*	*	*
Document Title em.detail.sourceIdHelp ?	A priori assessment of reintroduction strategies for a native ungulate: using HexSim to guide release site selection	*	*	*	*
Document Status em.detail.statusCategoryHelp ?	Peer reviewed and published	*	*	*	*
Comments on Status em.detail.commentsOnStatusHelp ?	Published journal manuscript	*	*	*	*

Software and Access (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Software Access info Exit em.detail.modelAccessInformationHelp ?	http://www.hexsim.net/download	*	*	*	*
Contact Name em.detail.contactNameHelp ?	P. R. Huber	*	*	*	*
Contact Address	University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA	*	*	*	*
Contact Email	prhuber@ucdavis.edu	*	*	*	*

EM Description (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Summary Description em.detail.summaryDescriptionHelp ?	AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "HexSim is a simulation framework within which PVA and other models are constructed. HexSim simulations can range from simple and parsimonious, at one extreme, to complex, data intensive, and biologically realistic at the other. Our tule elk simulations were moderately complex, capturing major life history events such as survival, reproduction and movement, while ignoring other details such as impact of environmental stochasticity or the spread of diseases through the population." "One of the features that distinguishes HexSim from its predecessor is the ability to model group, or herd, movement. This is accomplished through use of a ‘‘proto-disperser’’, an imaginary individual that explores the landscape, finds resources, and then serves as a movement target for the other group members who converge on this target. This feature allows for modeling of both individuals and groups. Another useful feature of HexSim is the barriers component. Multiple types of movement barriers can be included in the model, reflecting likely responses to various kinds of blockages to wildlife. Because many of these barriers tend to be human-related, this feature allows for assessing the potential impacts of multiple types of human infrastructure and landscape features on modeled species. This paper examines several reintroduction scenarios for returning an endemic elk subspecies (tule elk; Cervus elaphus nannodes) to a portion of its native range in California, USA."	*	*	*	*
Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited em.detail.policyDecisionContextHelp ?	As part of an ongoing restoration program, HexSim was used to evaluate a portion of the former range of tule elk to identify the release scenario producing the most elk and fewest human conflicts.	*	*	*	*
Biophysical Context	Located in the Central Valley of California.	*	*	*	*
EM Scenario Drivers em.detail.scenarioDriverHelp ?	Four release sites; Kesterson, Arena Plains, San Luis, and East Bear Creek.	*	*	*	*

EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run em.detail.methodOrAppHelp ?	Method + Application (multiple runs exist)	Model Run Associated with a Specific EM Application	Model Run Associated with a Specific EM Application	Model Run Associated with a Specific EM Application	Model Run Associated with a Specific EM Application
New or Pre-existing EM? em.detail.newOrExistHelp ?	Application of existing model	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site

Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Document ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmDocumentIdHelp ?	Doc-327 \| Doc-2 \| Doc-337 ? Comment: The HexSim User's Guide (Doc 327) was used as a secondary source to clarify variable relationships.	Doc-327 \| Doc-2 \| Doc-337	Doc-327 \| Doc-2 \| Doc-337	Doc-327 \| Doc-2 \| Doc-337	Doc-327 \| Doc-2 \| Doc-337
EM ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmEmIdHelp ?	EM-98 \| EM-422	None	None	None	None

EM Modeling Approach

EM Relationship to Time (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Temporal Extent em.detail.tempExtentHelp ?	25 years	*	*	*	*
EM Time Dependence em.detail.timeDependencyHelp ?	time-dependent	*	*	*	*
EM Time Reference (Future/Past) em.detail.futurePastHelp ?	future time	*	*	*	*
EM Time Continuity em.detail.continueDiscreteHelp ?	discrete	*	*	*	*
EM Temporal Grain Size Value em.detail.tempGrainSizeHelp ?	1	*	*	*	*
EM Temporal Grain Size Unit em.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp ?	Year	*	*	*	*

EM spatial extent (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Bounding Type em.detail.boundingTypeHelp ?	Geopolitical	*	*	*	*
Spatial Extent Name em.detail.extentNameHelp ?	Grasslands Ecological Area	*	*	*	*
Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude) em.detail.extentAreaHelp ?	100-1000 km^2	*	*	*	*

Spatial Distribution of Computations (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Spatial Distribution em.detail.distributeLumpHelp ?	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	*	*	*	*
Spatial Grain Type em.detail.spGrainTypeHelp ?	area, for pixel or radial feature	*	*	*	*
Spatial Grain Size em.detail.spGrainSizeHelp ?	Not reported	*	*	*	*

EM Structure and Computation Approach (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Computational Approach em.detail.emComputationalApproachHelp ?	Numeric	*	*	*	*
EM Determinism em.detail.deterStochHelp ?	stochastic	*	*	*	*
Statistical Estimation of EM em.detail.statisticalEstimationHelp ?	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	*	*	*	*

Model Checking Procedures Used (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Model Calibration Reported? em.detail.calibrationHelp ?	Unclear	*	*	*	*
Model Goodness of Fit Reported? em.detail.goodnessFitHelp ?	Not applicable	*	*	*	*
Goodness of Fit (metric\| value \| unit) em.detail.goodnessFitValuesHelp ?	None	*	*	*	*
Model Operational Validation Reported? em.detail.validationHelp ?	No	*	*	*	*
Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported? em.detail.uncertaintyAnalysisHelp ?	No	*	*	*	*
Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported? em.detail.sensAnalysisHelp ?	No	*	*	*	*
Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions? em.detail.interactionConsiderHelp ?	Not applicable	*	*	*	*

EM Locations, Environments, Ecology

Location of EM Application (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])

EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
North America United States California	*	*	*	*

Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)

EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
None	*	*	*	*

Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Centroid Latitude em.detail.ddLatHelp ?	37.25	*	*	*	*
Centroid Longitude em.detail.ddLongHelp ?	-120.8	*	*	*	*
Centroid Datum em.detail.datumHelp ?	WGS84	*	*	*	*
Centroid Coordinates Status em.detail.coordinateStatusHelp ?	Estimated	*	*	*	*

Environments and Scales Modeled (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Environmental Sub-Class em.detail.emEnvironmentalSubclassHelp ?	Inland Wetlands \| Forests \| Agroecosystems \| Grasslands	*	*	*	*
Specific Environment Type em.detail.specificEnvTypeHelp ?	Terrestrial mosaic	*	*	*	*
EM Ecological Scale em.detail.ecoScaleHelp ?	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	*	*	*	*

Organisms modeled (* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left)

Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
EM Organismal Scale em.detail.orgScaleHelp ?	Individual or population, within a species	*	*	*	*

Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified

EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Species Cervus elaphus nannodes	*	*	*	*

EnviroAtlas URL

EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
None Available	None Available	None Available	None Available	None Available

EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

* Note that run information is shown only where run data differ from the "parent" entry shown at left

CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)

EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
[Ecosystem] Provisioning Materials Biomass Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing [Ecosystem] Cultural Physical and intellectual interactions with biota, ecosystems, and land-/seascapes [environmental settings] Physical and experiential interactions Experiential use of plants, animals and land-/seascapes in different environmental settings	*	*	*	*

National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS) Plus

(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)

EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
None	*	*	*	*

EM Variable Names (and Units)

* Note that for runs, variable name is displayed only where data for that variable differed by run AND those differences were reported in the source document. Where differences occurred but were not reported, the variable is not listed. Click on variable name to view details.

To view run information for variables, select any variable below or view run data for all variables.

Predictor

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Driving Variables (and Units) em.detail.drivingVariableHelp ?	Barrier class (Not applicable) Land cover class (Not applicable) Population (taxon) (Not applicable) Trait class (age) (Not applicable)	Barrier class (Not applicable) Initial population placement (Not applicable) Land cover class (Not applicable) Population (taxon) (Not applicable) Trait class (age) (Not applicable)	Barrier class (Not applicable) Initial population placement (Not applicable) Land cover class (Not applicable) Population (taxon) (Not applicable) Trait class (age) (Not applicable)	Barrier class (Not applicable) Initial population placement (Not applicable) Land cover class (Not applicable) Population (taxon) (Not applicable) Trait class (age) (Not applicable)	Barrier class (Not applicable) Initial population placement (Not applicable) Land cover class (Not applicable) Population (taxon) (Not applicable) Trait class (age) (Not applicable)
Constant or Factor Variables (and Units) em.detail.constantFactorVariableHelp ?	Autocorrelation attraction (dispersal) (unitless) Autocorrelation repulsion (dispersal) (unitless) Birth rates (per age class) (%) Distribution of path lengths (dispersal) (Not applicable) Exploration algorithm (Not applicable) Exploration goal (movement event) (Not applicable) Floater preemption of group resources (resource fraction) (%) Group affinity (set group affinity) (Not applicable) Habitat affinity (Not applicable) Hexagons range-eligible if value at least (unitless) Initial population placement (Not applicable) Initial population size (ind.) Log normal parameter mean (dispersal) (hexagons) Log normal parameter standard deviation (dispersal) (hexagons) Maximum dispersal distance (hexagons) Maximum explored area (hexagons) Maximum group members (ind.) Maximum number of births (ind.) Maximum number of explorations (No.) Maximum range area (ha) Maximum range span (distance) (m) Minimum range resource (unitless) Natal affinity (Not applicable) Path length bounds (dispersal) (hexagons) Percent autocorrelation (dispersal) (%) Probability of deflection due to barrier class (%) Probability of mortality due to barrier class (%) Probability of transmission due to barrier class (%) Reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Resource affinity (Not applicable) Resource target (set group affinity) (unitless) Resource target per target trait value/name (unitless) Resource target rank per target trait value/name (Not applicable) Set natal affinity (Not applicable) Set reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Strategy (movement) (Not applicable) Survival rates (per age class) (%) Trait value/name thresholds (yr) Trend period (dispersal) (unitless) Use affinity (dispersal) (Not applicable) Use quality stopping criteria - experienced over path length (dispersal) (hexagons) Use quality stopping criteria - mean resource quality (dispersal) (unitless)	Autocorrelation attraction (dispersal) (unitless) Autocorrelation repulsion (dispersal) (unitless) Birth rates (per age class) (%) Distribution of path lengths (dispersal) (Not applicable) Exploration algorithm (Not applicable) Exploration goal (movement event) (Not applicable) Floater preemption of group resources (resource fraction) (%) Group affinity (set group affinity) (Not applicable) Habitat affinity (Not applicable) Hexagons range-eligible if value at least (unitless) Initial population size (ind.) Log normal parameter mean (dispersal) (hexagons) Log normal parameter standard deviation (dispersal) (hexagons) Maximum dispersal distance (hexagons) Maximum explored area (hexagons) Maximum group members (ind.) Maximum number of births (ind.) Maximum number of explorations (No.) Maximum range area (ha) Maximum range span (distance) (m) Minimum range resource (unitless) Natal affinity (Not applicable) Path length bounds (dispersal) (hexagons) Percent autocorrelation (dispersal) (%) Probability of deflection due to barrier class (%) Probability of mortality due to barrier class (%) Probability of transmission due to barrier class (%) Reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Resource affinity (Not applicable) Resource target (set group affinity) (unitless) Resource target per target trait value/name (unitless) Resource target rank per target trait value/name (Not applicable) Set natal affinity (Not applicable) Set reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Strategy (movement) (Not applicable) Survival rates (per age class) (%) Trait value/name thresholds (yr) Trend period (dispersal) (unitless) Use affinity (dispersal) (Not applicable) Use quality stopping criteria - experienced over path length (dispersal) (hexagons) Use quality stopping criteria - mean resource quality (dispersal) (unitless)	Autocorrelation attraction (dispersal) (unitless) Autocorrelation repulsion (dispersal) (unitless) Birth rates (per age class) (%) Distribution of path lengths (dispersal) (Not applicable) Exploration algorithm (Not applicable) Exploration goal (movement event) (Not applicable) Floater preemption of group resources (resource fraction) (%) Group affinity (set group affinity) (Not applicable) Habitat affinity (Not applicable) Hexagons range-eligible if value at least (unitless) Initial population size (ind.) Log normal parameter mean (dispersal) (hexagons) Log normal parameter standard deviation (dispersal) (hexagons) Maximum dispersal distance (hexagons) Maximum explored area (hexagons) Maximum group members (ind.) Maximum number of births (ind.) Maximum number of explorations (No.) Maximum range area (ha) Maximum range span (distance) (m) Minimum range resource (unitless) Natal affinity (Not applicable) Path length bounds (dispersal) (hexagons) Percent autocorrelation (dispersal) (%) Probability of deflection due to barrier class (%) Probability of mortality due to barrier class (%) Probability of transmission due to barrier class (%) Reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Resource affinity (Not applicable) Resource target (set group affinity) (unitless) Resource target per target trait value/name (unitless) Resource target rank per target trait value/name (Not applicable) Set natal affinity (Not applicable) Set reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Strategy (movement) (Not applicable) Survival rates (per age class) (%) Trait value/name thresholds (yr) Trend period (dispersal) (unitless) Use affinity (dispersal) (Not applicable) Use quality stopping criteria - experienced over path length (dispersal) (hexagons) Use quality stopping criteria - mean resource quality (dispersal) (unitless)	Autocorrelation attraction (dispersal) (unitless) Autocorrelation repulsion (dispersal) (unitless) Birth rates (per age class) (%) Distribution of path lengths (dispersal) (Not applicable) Exploration algorithm (Not applicable) Exploration goal (movement event) (Not applicable) Floater preemption of group resources (resource fraction) (%) Group affinity (set group affinity) (Not applicable) Habitat affinity (Not applicable) Hexagons range-eligible if value at least (unitless) Initial population size (ind.) Log normal parameter mean (dispersal) (hexagons) Log normal parameter standard deviation (dispersal) (hexagons) Maximum dispersal distance (hexagons) Maximum explored area (hexagons) Maximum group members (ind.) Maximum number of births (ind.) Maximum number of explorations (No.) Maximum range area (ha) Maximum range span (distance) (m) Minimum range resource (unitless) Natal affinity (Not applicable) Path length bounds (dispersal) (hexagons) Percent autocorrelation (dispersal) (%) Probability of deflection due to barrier class (%) Probability of mortality due to barrier class (%) Probability of transmission due to barrier class (%) Reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Resource affinity (Not applicable) Resource target (set group affinity) (unitless) Resource target per target trait value/name (unitless) Resource target rank per target trait value/name (Not applicable) Set natal affinity (Not applicable) Set reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Strategy (movement) (Not applicable) Survival rates (per age class) (%) Trait value/name thresholds (yr) Trend period (dispersal) (unitless) Use affinity (dispersal) (Not applicable) Use quality stopping criteria - experienced over path length (dispersal) (hexagons) Use quality stopping criteria - mean resource quality (dispersal) (unitless)	Autocorrelation attraction (dispersal) (unitless) Autocorrelation repulsion (dispersal) (unitless) Birth rates (per age class) (%) Distribution of path lengths (dispersal) (Not applicable) Exploration algorithm (Not applicable) Exploration goal (movement event) (Not applicable) Floater preemption of group resources (resource fraction) (%) Group affinity (set group affinity) (Not applicable) Habitat affinity (Not applicable) Hexagons range-eligible if value at least (unitless) Initial population size (ind.) Log normal parameter mean (dispersal) (hexagons) Log normal parameter standard deviation (dispersal) (hexagons) Maximum dispersal distance (hexagons) Maximum explored area (hexagons) Maximum group members (ind.) Maximum number of births (ind.) Maximum number of explorations (No.) Maximum range area (ha) Maximum range span (distance) (m) Minimum range resource (unitless) Natal affinity (Not applicable) Path length bounds (dispersal) (hexagons) Percent autocorrelation (dispersal) (%) Probability of deflection due to barrier class (%) Probability of mortality due to barrier class (%) Probability of transmission due to barrier class (%) Reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Resource affinity (Not applicable) Resource target (set group affinity) (unitless) Resource target per target trait value/name (unitless) Resource target rank per target trait value/name (Not applicable) Set natal affinity (Not applicable) Set reproduction affinity (Not applicable) Strategy (movement) (Not applicable) Survival rates (per age class) (%) Trait value/name thresholds (yr) Trend period (dispersal) (unitless) Use affinity (dispersal) (Not applicable) Use quality stopping criteria - experienced over path length (dispersal) (hexagons) Use quality stopping criteria - mean resource quality (dispersal) (unitless)

Intermediate

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units) em.detail.intermediateVariableHelp ?	None	*	*	*	*

Response

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-403	Model Run for Kesterson release site	Model Run for Arena Plain release site	Model Run for San Luis release site	Model Run for East Bear Creek release site
Observed Response Variables (and Units) em.detail.observedResponseHelp ?	None	*	*	*	*
Computed Response Variables (and Units) em.detail.computedResponseHelp ?	Barrier interactions (No.) Occupancy (ind./hexagon) Population size (tule elk) (ind.)	Barrier interactions (No.) Occupancy (ind./hexagon) Population size (tule elk) (ind.)	Barrier interactions (No.) Occupancy (ind./hexagon) Population size (tule elk) (ind.)	Barrier interactions (No.) Occupancy (ind./hexagon) Population size (tule elk) (ind.)	Barrier interactions (No.) Occupancy (ind./hexagon) Population size (tule elk) (ind.)

US EPA

EcoService Models Library (ESML)

View Runs

: HexSim, tule elk, California, USA (EM-403)