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EM: Urban Air Temperature Change, Baltimore, MD, USA (EM-306)
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EM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-306 |
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EM Short Name
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Urban Temperature, Baltimore, MD, USA |
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EM Full Name
em.detail.fullNameHelp
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Urban Air Temperature Change, Baltimore, MD, USA |
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EM Source or Collection
em.detail.emSourceOrCollectionHelp
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i-Tree | USDA Forest Service |
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EM Source Document ID
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217 |
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Document Author
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Heisler, G. M., Ellis, A., Nowak, D. and Yesilonis, I. |
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Document Year
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2016 |
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Document Title
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Modeling and imaging land-cover influences on air-temperature in and near Baltimore, MD |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
em.detail.commentsOnStatusHelp
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Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
| Not applicable | |
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Contact Name
em.detail.contactNameHelp
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Gordon M. Heisler |
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Contact Address
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5 Moon Library, c/o SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210 |
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Contact Email
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gheisler@fs.fed.us |
EM Description
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Summary Description
em.detail.summaryDescriptionHelp
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An empirical model for predicting below-canopy air temperature differences is developed for evaluating urban structural and vegetation influences on air temperature in and near Baltimore, MD. AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "The study . . . Developed an equation for predicting air temperature at the 1.5m height as temperature difference, T, between a reference weather station and other stations in a variety of land uses. Predictor variables were derived from differences in land cover and topography along with forcing atmospheric conditions. The model method was empirical multiple linear regression analysis.. . Independent variables included remotely sensed tree cover, impervious cover, water cover, descriptors of topography, an index of thermal stability, vapor pressure deficit, and antecedent precipitation." |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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None identified |
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Biophysical Context
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One airport site, one urban site, one site in deciduous leaf litter, and four sites in short grass ground cover. Measured sky view percentages ranged from 6% at the woods site, to 96% at the rural open site. |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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No scenarios presented |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
em.detail.methodOrAppHelp
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Method + Application |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
em.detail.newOrExistHelp
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New or revised model |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
em.detail.relatedEmHelp
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Document ID for related EM
em.detail.relatedEmDocumentIdHelp
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Doc-220 | Doc-219 | Doc-218 |
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EM ID for related EM
em.detail.relatedEmEmIdHelp
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None |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
em.detail.tempExtentHelp
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May 5-Sept 30 2006 |
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EM Time Dependence
em.detail.timeDependencyHelp
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time-dependent |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
em.detail.futurePastHelp
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future time |
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EM Time Continuity
em.detail.continueDiscreteHelp
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discrete |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
em.detail.tempGrainSizeHelp
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1 |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
em.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp
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Hour |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
em.detail.boundingTypeHelp
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Geopolitical |
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Spatial Extent Name
em.detail.extentNameHelp
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Baltimore, MD |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
em.detail.extentAreaHelp
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100-1000 km^2 |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
em.detail.distributeLumpHelp
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spatially distributed (in at least some cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
em.detail.spGrainTypeHelp
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area, for pixel or radial feature |
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Spatial Grain Size
em.detail.spGrainSizeHelp
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10m x 10m |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Analytic |
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EM Determinism
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deterministic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
em.detail.calibrationHelp
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Yes |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
em.detail.goodnessFitHelp
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Yes |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
em.detail.goodnessFitValuesHelp
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
em.detail.validationHelp
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No |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
em.detail.uncertaintyAnalysisHelp
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
em.detail.sensAnalysisHelp
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
em.detail.interactionConsiderHelp
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Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
em.detail.relationToSpaceTerrestrialHelp
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Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
em.detail.relationToSpaceMarineHelp
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| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
em.detail.ddLatHelp
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39.28 |
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Centroid Longitude
em.detail.ddLongHelp
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-76.62 |
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Centroid Datum
em.detail.datumHelp
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WGS84 |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Estimated |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
em.detail.emEnvironmentalSubclassHelp
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Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified) | Created Greenspace | Atmosphere |
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Specific Environment Type
em.detail.specificEnvTypeHelp
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Urban landscape and surrounding area |
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EM Ecological Scale
em.detail.ecoScaleHelp
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Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
em.detail.nameOfOrgsOrGroupsHelp
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EM Organismal Scale
em.detail.orgScaleHelp
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Not applicable |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
taxonomyHelp
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| None Available |
EnviroAtlas URL
em.detail.enviroAtlasURLHelp
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| Average Annual Precipitation, Percent Impervious Area |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
em.detail.cicesHelp
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
fegs2Help
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EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
em.detail.variablesPredictorHelp
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Intermediate
Response
em.detail.variablesResponseHelp
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Observed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (1 variable)
em.detail.observedResponseHelp
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Computed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (2 variables)
em.detail.computedResponseHelp
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