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EM: Nitrogen fixation rates, Guánica Bay, Puerto Rico, USA (EM-432)
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EM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-432 |
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EM Short Name
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Nitrogen fixation rates, Guánica Bay, Puerto Rico |
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EM Full Name
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Nitrogen fixation rates, Guánica Bay, Puerto Rico, USA |
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EM Source or Collection
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US EPA |
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EM Source Document ID
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338 ?Comment:WE received a draft copy prior to journal publication that was agency reviewed. |
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Document Author
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Amelia Smith, Susan Harrell Yee, Marc Russell, Jill Awkerman and William S. Fisher |
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Document Year
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2017 |
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Document Title
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Linking ecosystem services supply to stakeholder concerns on both land and sea: An example from Guanica Bay watershed, Puerto Rico |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
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Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
| Not applicable | |
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Contact Name
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Susan H. Yee |
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Contact Address
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA |
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Contact Email
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yee.susan@epa.gov |
EM Description
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Summary Description
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AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: " …In Guánica Bay watershed, Puerto Rico, deforestation and drainage of a large lagoon have led to sediment, contaminant, and nutrient transport into the bay, resulting in declining quality of coral reefs. A watershed management plan is currently being implemented to restore reefs through a variety of proposed actions…After the workshops, fifteen indicators of terrestrial ecosystem services in the watershed and four indicators in the coastal zone were identified to reflect the wide range of stakeholder concerns that could be impacted by management decisions. Ecosystem service production functions were applied to quantify and map ecosystem services supply in the Guánica Bay watershed, as well as an additional highly engineered upper multi-watershed area connected to the lower watershed via a series of reservoirs and tunnels,…” AUTHOR''S DESCRIPTION: "The U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (CRTF), a collaboration of federal, state and territorial agencies, initiated a program in 2009 to better incorporate land-based sources of pollution and socio-economic considerations into watershed strategies for coral reef protection (Bradley et al., 2016)...Baseline measures for relevant ecosystem services were calculated by parameterizing existing methods, largely based on land cover (Egoh et al., 2012; Martinez- Harms and Balvanera, 2012), with relevant rates of ecosystem services production for Puerto Rico, and applying them to map ecosystem services supply for the Guánica Bay Watershed...The Guánica Bay watershed is a highly engineered watershed in southwestern Puerto Rico, with a series of five reservoirs and extensive tunnel systems artificially connecting multiple mountainous sub-watersheds to the lower watershed of the Rio Loco, which itself is altered by an irrigation canal and return drainage ditch that diverts water through the Lajas Valley (PRWRA, 1948)...For each objective, a translator of ecosystem services production, i.e., ecological production function, was used to quantify baseline measurements of ecosystem services supply from land use/land cover (LULC) maps for watersheds across Puerto Rico...Two additional metrics, nitrogen fixation and rates of carbon sequestration into soil and sediment, were also calculated as potential measures of soil quality and agricultural productivity. Carbon sequestration and nitrogen fixation rates were assigned to each land cover class" |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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None provided |
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Biophysical Context
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No additional description provided |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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No scenarios presented |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
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Method + Application |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
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Application of existing model |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
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Document ID for related EM
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None |
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EM ID for related EM
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None |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
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1978 - 2009 |
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EM Time Dependence
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time-stationary |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
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Not applicable |
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EM Time Continuity
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Not applicable |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
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Not applicable |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
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Not applicable |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
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Watershed/Catchment/HUC |
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Spatial Extent Name
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Guanica Bay watershed |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
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100-1000 km^2 |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
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spatially distributed (in at least some cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
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other (specify), for irregular (e.g., stream reach, lake basin) |
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Spatial Grain Size
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HUC |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Analytic |
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EM Determinism
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deterministic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
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No |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
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No |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
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None |
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
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No |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
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Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
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Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
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| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
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17.96 |
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Centroid Longitude
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-67.02 |
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Centroid Datum
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WGS84 |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Estimated |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
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Inland Wetlands | Forests | Agroecosystems | Created Greenspace | Grasslands | Scrubland/Shrubland | Barren |
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Specific Environment Type
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Tropical terrestrial |
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EM Ecological Scale
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Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
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EM Organismal Scale
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Not applicable |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
taxonomyHelp
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| None Available |
EnviroAtlas URL
em.detail.enviroAtlasURLHelp
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| Total Annual Reduced Nitrogen Deposition, The Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD), Percent Impervious Area |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
fegs2Help
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EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
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Driving Variables (and Units)
view details (2 variables)
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Constant or Factor Variables (and Units)
view details (3 variables)
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Intermediate
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Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units)
view details (1 variable)
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Response
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Observed Response Variables (and Units)
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None |
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Computed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (2 variables)
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