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EM: Net phosphorus flux in freshwater lakes from alewives, Connecticut, USA (EM-666)
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Expand AllEM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-666 |
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EM Short Name
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Alwife phosphorus flux in lakes, Connecticut, USA |
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EM Full Name
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Net phosphorus flux in freshwater lakes from alewives, Connecticut, USA |
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EM Source or Collection
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None |
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EM Source Document ID
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383 |
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Document Author
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West, D. C., A. W. Walters, S. Gephard, and D. M. Post |
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Document Year
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2010 |
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Document Title
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Nutrient loading by anadromous alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus): contemporary patterns and predictions for restoration efforts |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
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Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
| Not applicable | |
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Contact Name
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Derek C. West |
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Contact Address
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Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA |
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Contact Email
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derek.west@yale.edu |
EM Description
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Summary Description
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ABSTRACT: "Anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) have the potential to alter the nutrient budgets of coastal lakes as they migrate into freshwater as adults and to sea as juveniles. Alewife runs are generally a source of nutrients to the freshwater lakes in which they spawn, but juveniles may export more nutrients than adults import in newly restored populations. A healthy run of alewives in Connecticut imports substantial quantities of phosphorus; mortality of alewives contributes 0.68 g P_fish–1, while surviving fish add 0.18 g P, 67% of which is excretion. Currently, alewives contribute 23% of the annual phosphorus load to Bride Lake, but this input was much greater historically, with larger runs of bigger fish contributing 2.5 times more phosphorus in the 1960s..." AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "Here, we evaluate the patterns of net nutrient loading by alewives over a range of population sizes. We concentrate on phosphorus, as it is generally the nutrient that limits production in the lake ecosystems in which alewives spawn (Schindler 1978). First, we estimate net alewife nutrient loading and parameterize an alewife nutrient loading model using data from an existing run of anadromous alewives in Bride Lake. We then compare the current alewife nutrient load to that in the 1960s when alewives were more numerous and larger. Next, since little is known about the actual patterns of nutrient loading during restoration, we predict the net nutrient loading for a newly restored population across a range of adult escapement… Anadromous fish move nutrients both into and out of freshwater ecosystems, although inputs are typically more obvious and much better studied (Moore and Schindler 2004). Net loading into freshwater ecosystems is fully described as inputs due to adult mortality, gametes, and direct excretion of nutrients minus the removal of nutrients from freshwater ecosystems by juvenile fish when they emigrate… Our research was conducted at Bride Lake and Linsley Pond in Connecticut. Bride Lake contains an anadromous alewife population that we used to both evaluate contemporary and historic net nutrient loading by an alewife population and parameterize our general alewife nutrient loading model." |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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Restoration and management of diadromous fish runs in coastal New England. |
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Biophysical Context
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Bride Lake is 28.7 ha and linked to Long Island Sound by the 3.3 km Bride Brook. |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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current (early 2000's) and historical (1960's) run and fish size |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
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Model Run Associated with a Specific EM Application |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
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Historic (1960's) run and fish size |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
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Document ID for related EM
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None |
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EM ID for related EM
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EM-667 |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
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1960's |
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EM Time Dependence
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time-stationary |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
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Not applicable |
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EM Time Continuity
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Not applicable |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
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Not applicable |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
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Not applicable |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
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Watershed/Catchment/HUC |
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Spatial Extent Name
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Bride Lake and Linsley Pond |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
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10-100 ha |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
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spatially lumped (in all cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
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Not applicable |
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Spatial Grain Size
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Not applicable |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Analytic |
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EM Determinism
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deterministic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
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Yes |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
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No |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
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None |
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
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No |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
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Yes |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
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Unclear |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
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Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
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| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
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41.33 |
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Centroid Longitude
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-72.24 |
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Centroid Datum
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WGS84 |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Estimated |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
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Rivers and Streams | Lakes and Ponds |
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Specific Environment Type
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Coastal lakes and ponds and associated streams |
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EM Ecological Scale
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Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
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EM Organismal Scale
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Individual or population, within a species |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
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EnviroAtlas URL
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| Waterbody area |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
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EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
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Intermediate
Response
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Observed Response Variables (and Units)
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* |
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Computed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (3 variables)
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