EcoService Models Library (ESML)
Home
Search EMs
My
EMs 
Learn about
ESML
View ESML Data Maploading
EM: Wildflower planting mix supporting bees in agricultural landscapes, Florida, USA (EM-784)
View EM Runs
Collapse All
Expand All
- Export Data to Spreadsheet (Free Viewers)
- View Variable Relationship Diagram (PDF)(1 pp, 80 KB, About PDF)
EM Identity and Description
EM Identification
|
EM ID
em.detail.idHelp
?
|
EM-784 |
|
EM Short Name
em.detail.shortNameHelp
?
|
Wildflower mix supporting bees, Florida, USA |
|
EM Full Name
em.detail.fullNameHelp
?
|
Wildflower planting mix supporting bees in agricultural landscapes, Florida, USA |
|
EM Source or Collection
em.detail.emSourceOrCollectionHelp
?
|
None |
|
EM Source Document ID
|
400 |
|
Document Author
em.detail.documentAuthorHelp
?
|
Williams, N.M., Ward, K.L., Pope, N., Isaacs, R., Wilson, J., May, E.A., Ellis, J., Daniels, J., Pence, A., Ullmann, K., and J. Peters |
|
Document Year
em.detail.documentYearHelp
?
|
2015 |
|
Document Title
em.detail.sourceIdHelp
?
|
Native wildflower Plantings support wild bee abundance and diversity in agricultural landscapes across the United States |
|
Document Status
em.detail.statusCategoryHelp
?
|
Peer reviewed and published |
|
Comments on Status
em.detail.commentsOnStatusHelp
?
|
Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
| Not applicable | |
|
Contact Name
em.detail.contactNameHelp
?
|
Neal Williams |
|
Contact Address
|
Department of Entomology and Mematology, Univ. of CA, One Shilds Ave., Davis, CA 95616 |
|
Contact Email
|
nmwilliams@ucdavis.edu |
EM Description
|
Summary Description
em.detail.summaryDescriptionHelp
?
|
Abstract: " Global trends in pollinator-dependent crops have raised awareness of the need to support managed and wild bee populations to ensure sustainable crop production. Provision of sufficient forage resources is a key element for promoting bee populations within human impacted landscapes, particularly those in agricultural lands where demand for pollination service is high and land use and management practices have reduced available flowering resources. Recent government incentives in North America and Europe support the planting of wildflowers to benefit pollinators; surprisingly, in North America there has been almost no rigorous testing of the performance of wildflower mixes, or their ability to support wild bee abundance and diversity. We tested different wildflower mixes in a spatially replicated, multiyear study in three regions of North America where production of pollinatordependent crops is high: Florida, Michigan, and California. In each region, we quantified flowering among wildflower mixes composed of annual and perennial species, and with high and low relative diversity. We measured the abundance and species richness of wild bees, honey bees, and syrphid flies at each mix over two seasons. In each region, some but not all wildflower mixes provided significantly greater floral display area than unmanaged weedy control plots. Mixes also attracted greater abundance and richness of wild bees, although the identity of best mixes varied among regions. By partitioning floral display size from mix identity we show the importance of display size for attracting abundant and diverse wild bees. Season-long monitoring also revealed that designing mixes to provide continuous bloom throughout the growing season is critical to supporting the greatest pollinator species richness. Contrary to expectation, perennials bloomed in their first season, and complementarity in attraction of pollinators among annuals and perennials suggests that inclusion of functionally diverse species may provide the greatest benefit. Wildflower mixes may be particularly important for providing resources for some taxa, such as bumble bees, which are known to be in decline in several regions of North America. No mix consistently attained the full diversity that was planted. Further study is needed on how to achieve the desired floral display and diversity from seed mixes. " Additional information in supplemental Appendices online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/14-1748.1.sm |
|
Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
em.detail.policyDecisionContextHelp
?
|
None identrified |
|
Biophysical Context
|
field plots near agricultural fields (mixed row crop, almond, walnuts), central valley, Ca |
|
EM Scenario Drivers
em.detail.scenarioDriverHelp
?
|
Varied wildflower planting mixes of annuals and perennials |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
|
Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
em.detail.methodOrAppHelp
?
|
Method + Application (multiple runs exist) View EM Runs |
|
New or Pre-existing EM?
em.detail.newOrExistHelp
?
|
New or revised model |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
em.detail.relatedEmHelp
?
|
Document ID for related EM
em.detail.relatedEmDocumentIdHelp
?
|
None |
|
EM ID for related EM
em.detail.relatedEmEmIdHelp
?
|
EM-796 | EM-797 | EM-804 | EM-805 | EM-806 | EM-812 | EM-814 |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
|
EM Temporal Extent
em.detail.tempExtentHelp
?
|
2011-2012 |
|
EM Time Dependence
em.detail.timeDependencyHelp
?
|
time-dependent |
|
EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
em.detail.futurePastHelp
?
|
past time |
|
EM Time Continuity
em.detail.continueDiscreteHelp
?
|
discrete |
|
EM Temporal Grain Size Value
em.detail.tempGrainSizeHelp
?
|
1 |
|
EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
em.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp
?
|
Year |
EM Spatial Extent
|
Bounding Type
em.detail.boundingTypeHelp
?
|
Point or points ?Comment:This is a guess based on information in the document. 3 field sites were separated by up to 9km |
|
Spatial Extent Name
em.detail.extentNameHelp
?
|
Agricultural plots |
|
Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
em.detail.extentAreaHelp
?
|
10-100 km^2 |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
|
EM Spatial Distribution
em.detail.distributeLumpHelp
?
|
spatially lumped (in all cases) |
|
Spatial Grain Type
em.detail.spGrainTypeHelp
?
|
Not applicable |
|
Spatial Grain Size
em.detail.spGrainSizeHelp
?
|
Not applicable |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
|
EM Computational Approach
em.detail.emComputationalApproachHelp
?
|
Numeric |
|
EM Determinism
em.detail.deterStochHelp
?
|
deterministic |
|
Statistical Estimation of EM
em.detail.statisticalEstimationHelp
?
|
|
Model Checking Procedures Used
|
Model Calibration Reported?
em.detail.calibrationHelp
?
|
No |
|
Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
em.detail.goodnessFitHelp
?
|
No |
|
Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
em.detail.goodnessFitValuesHelp
?
|
None |
|
Model Operational Validation Reported?
em.detail.validationHelp
?
|
No |
|
Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
em.detail.uncertaintyAnalysisHelp
?
|
No |
|
Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
em.detail.sensAnalysisHelp
?
|
No |
|
Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
em.detail.interactionConsiderHelp
?
|
Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
em.detail.relationToSpaceTerrestrialHelp
?
|
Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
em.detail.relationToSpaceMarineHelp
?
| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
|
Centroid Latitude
em.detail.ddLatHelp
?
|
29.4 |
|
Centroid Longitude
em.detail.ddLongHelp
?
|
-82.18 |
|
Centroid Datum
em.detail.datumHelp
?
|
WGS84 |
|
Centroid Coordinates Status
em.detail.coordinateStatusHelp
?
|
Provided |
Environments and Scales Modeled
|
EM Environmental Sub-Class
em.detail.emEnvironmentalSubclassHelp
?
|
Agroecosystems |
|
Specific Environment Type
em.detail.specificEnvTypeHelp
?
|
Agricultural landscape |
|
EM Ecological Scale
em.detail.ecoScaleHelp
?
|
Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
em.detail.nameOfOrgsOrGroupsHelp
?
|
EM Organismal Scale
em.detail.orgScaleHelp
?
|
Species |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
taxonomyHelp
?
|
EnviroAtlas URL
em.detail.enviroAtlasURLHelp
?
| None Available |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
em.detail.cicesHelp
?
|
(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
fegs2Help
?
|
EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
em.detail.variablesPredictorHelp
?
|
Driving Variables (and Units)
view details (2 variables)
em.detail.drivingVariableHelp
?
|
|
|
Constant or Factor Variables (and Units)
em.detail.constantFactorVariableHelp
?
|
None |
Intermediate
|
Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units)
em.detail.intermediateVariableHelp
?
|
None |
Response
em.detail.variablesResponseHelp
?
|
Observed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (6 variables)
em.detail.observedResponseHelp
?
|
|
|
Computed Response Variables (and Units)
em.detail.computedResponseHelp
?
|
None |