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EM: Human well being index for multiple scales, United States (EM-882)

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View Variable Relationship Diagram (PDF)(1 pp, 80 KB, About PDF)

EM Identity and Description

EM Identification

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-882
EM Short Name em.detail.shortNameHelp ?	Human well being index for U.S.
EM Full Name em.detail.fullNameHelp ?	Human well being index for multiple scales, United States
EM Source or Collection em.detail.emSourceOrCollectionHelp ?	US EPA
EM Source Document ID	421
Document Author em.detail.documentAuthorHelp ?	Smith, L.M., Harwell, L.C., Summers, J.K., Smith, H.M., Wade, C.M., Straub, K.R. and J.L. Case
Document Year em.detail.documentYearHelp ?	2014
Document Title em.detail.sourceIdHelp ?	A U.S. Human Well-being index (HWBI) for multiple scales: linking service provisioning to human well-being endpoints (2000-2010)
Document Status em.detail.statusCategoryHelp ?	Peer reviewed and published
Comments on Status em.detail.commentsOnStatusHelp ?	Published EPA report

Software and Access

EM Software Access info Exit em.detail.modelAccessInformationHelp ?	Not applicable
Contact Name em.detail.contactNameHelp ?	Lisa Smith
Contact Address	1 Sabine Island Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561
Contact Email	smith.lisa@epa.gov

EM Description

Summary Description em.detail.summaryDescriptionHelp ?	Executive summary: "The HWBI is a composite assessment covering 8 domains based on 25 indicators measured using 80 different metrics. Service flow and stock assessments include 7 economic services (23 indicators, 40 metrics), 5 ecosystem services (8 indicators, 24 metrics) and 10 social services (37 indicators, 76 metrics). Data from 64 data sources were included in the HWBI and services provisioning characterizations (Fig. ES-3). For each U.S. county, state, and GSS region, data were acquired or imputed for the 2000-2010 time period resulting in over 1.5 million data points included in the full assessment linking service flows to well-being endpoints. The approaches developed for calculation of the HWBI, use of relative importance values, service stock characterization and functional modeling are transferable to smaller scales and specific population groups. Additionally, tracked over time, the HWBI may be useful in evaluating the sustainability of decisions in terms of EPA’s Total Resources Impact Outcome (TRIO) approaches. "
Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited em.detail.policyDecisionContextHelp ?	None reported
Biophysical Context	Not applicable
EM Scenario Drivers em.detail.scenarioDriverHelp ?	geographic region

EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications

Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run em.detail.methodOrAppHelp ?	Method + Application
New or Pre-existing EM? em.detail.newOrExistHelp ?	New or revised model

Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML

em.detail.relatedEmHelp

Document ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmDocumentIdHelp ?	Doc-418
EM ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmEmIdHelp ?	EM-880

EM Modeling Approach

EM Relationship to Time

EM Temporal Extent em.detail.tempExtentHelp ?	2000-2010
EM Time Dependence em.detail.timeDependencyHelp ?	time-stationary
EM Time Reference (Future/Past) em.detail.futurePastHelp ?	Not applicable
EM Time Continuity em.detail.continueDiscreteHelp ?	Not applicable
EM Temporal Grain Size Value em.detail.tempGrainSizeHelp ?	Not applicable
EM Temporal Grain Size Unit em.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp ?	Not applicable

EM Spatial Extent

Bounding Type em.detail.boundingTypeHelp ?	Geopolitical
Spatial Extent Name em.detail.extentNameHelp ?	Continental U.S.
Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude) em.detail.extentAreaHelp ?	>1,000,000 km^2

Spatial Distribution of Computations

EM Spatial Distribution em.detail.distributeLumpHelp ?	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)
Spatial Grain Type em.detail.spGrainTypeHelp ?	other (specify), for irregular (e.g., stream reach, lake basin)
Spatial Grain Size em.detail.spGrainSizeHelp ?	county

EM Structure and Computation Approach

EM Computational Approach em.detail.emComputationalApproachHelp ?	Numeric
EM Determinism em.detail.deterStochHelp ?	deterministic
Statistical Estimation of EM em.detail.statisticalEstimationHelp ?	None

Model Checking Procedures Used

Model Calibration Reported? em.detail.calibrationHelp ?	No
Model Goodness of Fit Reported? em.detail.goodnessFitHelp ?	No
Goodness of Fit (metric\| value \| unit) em.detail.goodnessFitValuesHelp ?	None
Model Operational Validation Reported? em.detail.validationHelp ?	No
Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported? em.detail.uncertaintyAnalysisHelp ?	Unclear
Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported? em.detail.sensAnalysisHelp ?	Yes
Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions? em.detail.interactionConsiderHelp ?	Yes

EM Locations, Environments, Ecology

Location of EM Application

Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])

em.detail.relationToSpaceTerrestrialHelp

North America
- United States

Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)

em.detail.relationToSpaceMarineHelp

None

Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)

Centroid Latitude em.detail.ddLatHelp ?	39.83
Centroid Longitude em.detail.ddLongHelp ?	-98.58
Centroid Datum em.detail.datumHelp ?	WGS84
Centroid Coordinates Status em.detail.coordinateStatusHelp ?	Estimated

Environments and Scales Modeled

EM Environmental Sub-Class em.detail.emEnvironmentalSubclassHelp ?	Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified)
Specific Environment Type em.detail.specificEnvTypeHelp ?	All land of the continental US
EM Ecological Scale em.detail.ecoScaleHelp ?	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class

Scale and taxa of organisms modeled

Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled

em.detail.nameOfOrgsOrGroupsHelp

EM Organismal Scale

em.detail.orgScaleHelp

Not applicable

Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified

taxonomyHelp

None Available

EnviroAtlas URL

em.detail.enviroAtlasURLHelp

Percent Population other than White, Non-Hispanic, Ecosystem Markets: Imperiled Species and Habitats, Total Employment, Employment Rate, Hectares of cotton crops, Enabling Conditions, Average Annual Daily Potential Wind Energy, Hectares of Vegetable Crops

EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)

em.detail.cicesHelp

[Ecosystem] Provisioning
- Energy
  - Biomass-based energy sources
    - Plant-based resources
- Materials
  - Biomass
    - Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing
[Ecosystem] Cultural
- Spiritual, symbolic and other interactions with biota, ecosystems, and land-/seascapes [environmental settings]
  - Other cultural outputs
    - Existence
- Physical and intellectual interactions with biota, ecosystems, and land-/seascapes [environmental settings]
  - Physical and experiential interactions
    - Physical use of land-/seascapes in different environmental settings
  - Intellectual and representative interactions
    - Heritage, cultural

National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS) Plus

(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)

fegs2Help

None

EM Variable Names (and Units)

View Details (241) | View Variable Relationship Diagram (PDF)(1 pp, 80 KB, About PDF)

Predictor

em.detail.variablesPredictorHelp

Driving Variables (and Units) view details (215 variables)

em.detail.drivingVariableHelp

Natural gas proved reserves after lease separation (Not reported)
Percentage of adults who are satisfied with life (%)
Percentage of adults who participated in physical activities or exercises in the past 30 days (%)
Percentage of people who feel that they have a say in the government (%)
Percentage of people who volunteered (volunteer rate) (%)
Public net investment structures, percent change from previous year (%)
All denominations--rates of adherence per 1000 population (No./1000)
Asthma mortality as a percentage of total deaths (age-adjusted) (%)
Average appellate court caseload clearance rate (number of outgoing cases as a percentage of the number of incoming cases) (%)
Average number of nights away from home on vacation or visiting friends and/or relatives (No.)
Average of R-factor where the mean distance between the client and the server is less than 300 miles (unitless)
Average of monthly Palmer Hydrological Drought Index values (unitless)
Average percentage of people who could afford needed prescription drugs, dental care, and medical care (%)
Average throughput in Megabytes per second where the mean distance between the client and the server is less than 300 miles (Mbps)
Average time spent on socializing, relaxing, leisure, and sports (hours)
Average trial court caseload clearance rate (number of outgoing cases as a percentage of the number of incoming cases) (%)
Cancer mortality as a percentage of total deaths (age-adjusted) (%)
Change in private inventories, percent change from previous year (%)
Children who received preventive services, rate per 1,000 children (No./1000)
Commercial and industrial loans from Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured institutions, change from previous year (Not reported)
Commerical fishery landings (metric tons)
Consumer price index (unitless)
Copper reserves (metric tons)
Count of public-use airport facilities (publicly or privately owned) (No.)
Crude oil proved reserves (metric tons)
Current transfer receipts of individuals from government, percent change from previous year (%)
Diabetes mortality as a percentage of total deaths (age-adjusted) (%)
Direct general expenditures for health by the local government per capita ($/capita)
Direct general expenditures for hospitals by the local government per capita ($/capita)
Education spending per student ($/student)
Employed percent of civilian/non-instituitional population (%)
Extent (in dollars generated) of TV and radio station participation in community service activities, calculated per capita ($/capita)
Farm loans from Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured institutions, change from previous year (No.)
GDP growth (real) (Not reported)
GDP growth (real), durable goods (Not reported)
Gini index of income inequality, percent change from previous year (%)
Gold reserves (metric tons)
Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) score (unitless)
Healthy behaviors index (unitless)
Heart disease mortality as a percentage of total deaths (age-adjusted) (%)
Infant deaths per 1,000 live births (Deaths/1000 live births)
Injuries and fatalities from hazardous weather per 100,000 people (No./100,000)
Lead reserves (metric tons)
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Loans to individuals from Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured institutions, change from previous year (No.)
Manufacturing employment (Not reported)
Materials recovery from municipal solid waste by recycling and composting (tons)
Median household income ($)
Median selected monthly owner costs as a percentage of household income (%)
Median value of owner-occupied housing units ($)
National parks gross acreage (ac.)
Net domestic investment, percent change from previous year (%)
Net exports (Not reported)
Net volume of saw-log portion of sawtimber trees on forest land (m^3)
Number of Equal Employment Opportunity charges per 1000 employed (No. ind./1000)
Number of Registered Non-Profit Organizations per 100,000 population (No./100,000 pop.)
Number of adults drinking on average more than 1 drink per day (No. ind.)
Number of concluded Environmental Protection Agency enforcement cases (No.)
Number of licensed cellular broadcast structures (No.)
Number of local, state, and/or regional public health agencies, offices, and/or departments per 100,000 population (No./100,000 pop.)
Number of people employed in educational services per 100,000 population (No./100,000)
Number of people employed in emergency preparedness occupations per 100,000 population (No./100,000)
Number of people employed in family services occupations per 100,000 population (No./100,000)
Number of people employed in healthcare occupations per 100,000 population (includes practitioners, technical and support, but excludes family and general practitioners) (No./100,000)
Number of people employed in information (No./100,000 population)
Number of people employed in legal, police and sheriff's patrol officers, and probation officers and corrective treatment occupations per 100,000 population (No. /100,000)
Number of people employed in utilities per 100,000 population (No. /100,000)
Number of persons of American Indian or Alaskan native alone, Asian alone, native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, two or more races, and any other race per square mile per registered Toxic Release Inventory facility (No. ind. /mi^2/facility)
Number of persons of black or African American race per square mile per registered Toxic Release Inventory facility (No ind./mi^2/facility)
Number of persons of white race per square mile per registered Toxic Release Inventory facility (No./mi^2)
Number of recordable work-related injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time employees (No./100)
Number of recreational visitors to a National Park located within a state (No. ind.)
Number of reported hate crime incidents per 100,000 people (No./100,000)
Ogive index (unitless)
Organic food sales ($)
Per capita state and local government expenditure on utilities, transportation, parks and recreation, sewerage and solid waste treatment ($/capita)
Percent of North American Electrical Reliability Corporation (NERC) subregions meeting summer peak energy reserve margin targets (%)
Percent of North American Electrical Reliability Corporation subregions meeting winter peak energy reserve margin targets (%)
Percent of land designated as a rural park or wildlife area (%)
Percent of people who did at least one non-consumptive activity within 1 mile of their home (%)
Percentage of National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS) airports with runways rated in good or fair condition (%)
Percentage of U.S. citizens aged 18 years and older who are registered to vote (%)
Percentage of U.S. citizens aged 18 years and older who voted (%)
Percentage of adults who have a regular or personal doctor or health care provider (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with angina or coronary heart disease in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with asthma in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with depression in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with diabetes in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with heart attack or myocardial infarction in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have been diagnosed with stroke in lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who have one or more household child diagnosed with asthma in their lifetime (%)
Percentage of adults who reported that they are in good general health (%)
Percentage of assessed water bodies in a state that received a "Good" rating (versus impaired or threatened) (%)
Percentage of bridges that are not functionally deficient (%)
Percentage of bridges that are not structurally deficient (%)
Percentage of children aged 0-17 years old in excellent or very good health (%)
Percentage of children aged 6-17 years old that exhibit positive social behaviors (%)
Percentage of children in grades 4 and 8 with mathematics standardized test scores at or above basic skills (%)
Percentage of children in grades 4 and 8 with reading standardized test scores at or above basic skills (%)
Percentage of children in grades 4 and 8 with science standardized test scores at or above basic skills (%)
Percentage of children in grades 9-12 who did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on their way to or from school (%)
Percentage of children in grades 9-12 who smoked cigarettes on 20 or more days in the past month (%)
Percentage of children in grades 9-12 who, on an average school day, watch television for three or more hours (%)
Percentage of children who did not experience recurrent maltreatment within a six month period (%)
Percentage of children who participate in one or more organized activities outside of school (%)
Percentage of children who were adopted in less than 12 months (after termination of parental rights) (%)
Percentage of days with good or moderate air quality (%)
Percentage of electric power customers who were affected by large disturbances or unusual electric events/outages (%)
Percentage of households that accessed the internet at any location (home or other location) (%)
Percentage of households that had high or marginal food security (%)
Percentage of live births to mothers under 20 years old (%)
Percentage of owner-occupied housing units without a second mortgage or home equity loan (%)
Percentage of patients who rated the hospital overall as a 9 or 10 (on a 1-10 scale) (%)
Percentage of people aged 16 and older who lack basic prose literacy skills (%)
Percentage of people aged 18 and older who obtained a bachelor's degree or higher (%)
Percentage of people aged 18 and older who obtained a high school diploma or equivalent (%)
Percentage of people aged 18 years and older classified as obese (age-adjusted) (%)
Percentage of people aged 18-24 enrolled in post-secondary education (%)
Percentage of people interested in politics (%)
Percentage of people who are a member of a labor union (%)
Percentage of people who are a member of any type of organization (%)
Percentage of people who are currently in poverty and stated that their financial situation has remained the same over the past few years (%)
Percentage of people who are satisfied with democracy in the United States (%)
Percentage of people who are satisfied with the city or area where they live (%)
Percentage of people who are satisfied with their job (%)
Percentage of people who are spiritually touched by the beauty of creation (%)
Percentage of people who are very happy or pretty happy (experienced happiness yesterday) (%)
Percentage of people who attended a musical or non-musical performance, or visited an art museum or art and/or craft fair (%)
Percentage of people who boycotted a product over the past 5 years (%)
Percentage of people who can easily get medicine in the town or city where they live (%)
Percentage of people who experience a connection to all of life (%)
Percentage of people who feel close to their town or city (%)
Percentage of people who feel safe walking alone at night where they live (%)
Percentage of people who feel that the government is (very and quite) successful at controlling crime (%)
Percentage of people who feel that we are spending the right amount of money on halting the rising crime rate (%)
Percentage of people who feel that we are spending the right amount of money on improving and protecting the environment (%)
Percentage of people who feel that we are spending the right amount on improving and protecting the nation's health (%)
Percentage of people who gave money to a group advocating social change over the past 5 years (%)
Percentage of people who have a great deal of confidence in television (%)
Percentage of people who have a great deal of confidence in the people running the institution of education (%)
Percentage of people who have a great deal of confidence in the people running the institution of medicine (%)
Percentage of people who have a great deal of confidence in the people running the institution of organized labor (%)
Percentage of people who have a great deal of confidence in the people running the press (%)
Percentage of people who have a telephone (either in their home, elsewhere, or a cellular phone) (%)
Percentage of people who have a working cell phone (%)
Percentage of people who have complete or a great deal of confidence in the courts and legal system (%)
Percentage of people who have six or more close friends and/or relatives (%)
Percentage of people who joined a protest rally or march over the past 5 years (%)
Percentage of people who read to household children between the ages of 3 and 5 years old (%)
Percentage of people who responded that it is not likely that they will lose their job or be laid off (%)
Percentage of people who say that it is easy to get clean and safe water in the city or area where they live (%)
Percentage of people who think that most government administrators can be trusted to do what is best for the country (%)
Percentage of people who think that others can be trusted (%)
Percentage of people who think that others try to be helpful (%)
Percentage of people who think that our country is spending about the right amount on improving the nation's education system (%)
Percentage of people who think that the government is spending enough on natural disasters (%)
Percentage of people who think that the government is spending the right amount on culture and the arts (%)
Percentage of people who think that the government should continue spending the same amount of money on unemployment benefits (%)
Percentage of people who think that we (as a country) are spending the right amount of money on assistance for childcare (%)
Percentage of people who think that we (as a country) are spending the right amount of money on social security (%)
Percentage of people who think that we (as a country) are spending the right amount of money on supporting scientific research (%)
Percentage of people who think that we (as a country) are spending the right amount of money on welfare (%)
Percentage of people who think that we are spending the right amount of money on highways and bridges (%)
Percentage of people who think that we are spending the right amount of money on mass transportation (%)
Percentage of people who think that we are spending the right amount of money on parks and recreation (%)
Percentage of people who took a trip or outing at least one mile from their home, but still within their resident state, for the primary purpose of observing, photographing or feeding wildlife (%)
Percentage of people who work fifty or more hours per week (%)
Percentage of persons attending a college or university that receive educational assistance money (%)
Percentage of persons enrolled in hospital insurance and/or supplemental medical insurance (Medicare) per county population (%)
Percentage of primary and secondary schools that are charter, magnet, vocational, or other alternative educational institutions (%)
Percentage of road miles that are not congested (represented by a volume/service flow ratio less than 0.71) (%)
Percentage of road miles with a roughness index category of acceptable or better (represented by an International Roughness Index value less than or equal to 170 inches/mile) (%)
Percentage of the homeless population that is unsheltered (%)
Percentage of the labor force who use public transportation to get to work (%)
Percentage of the population (all ages) in poverty (%)
Percentage of time spent by children aged 15-17 years old eating at home with parents (%)
Percentage of work activity that occurs during daytime hours (9 am - 5 pm) (%)
Personal consumption expenditures - discretionary ($)
Personal consumption expenditures - durable goods ($)
Personal consumption expenditures - non-durable goods ($)
Personal consumption expenditures - services ($)
Personal savings, percent change from previous year (%)
Private net investment equipment and software, percent change from previous year (%)
Private net investment residential, percent change from previous year (%)
Private net investment structures, percent change from previous year (%)
Property crimes per 100,000 people (No./100,000)
Proportion of participants responding that they usually or always get the emotional and social support they need (unitless)
Public net investment equipment and software, percent change from previous year (%)
Pupil/teacher ratio (unitless)
Real estate loans from Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured institutions, change from previous year (Not reported)
Recoverable coal reserves at producing mines (metric tons)
Renewable energy production (Not reported)
Research and development expenditures as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), percent change from previous year (%)
Silver reserves (metric tons)
Social vulnerability index (SoVI) for the United States (unitless)
Square miles of water per 1000 population (miles^2 water/1000 ind.)
State and local government outstanding debt per capita ($/capita)
State and local government revenue (from own sources) per capita ($/capita)
Suicide mortality as a percentage of total deaths (age-adjusted) (%)
Time spent by people caring for adults (hours)
Time spent by people reading to household children (hours)
Total factor productivity (Not reported)
Total federal outlays for grants to state and local governments for children and families services and promoting safe and stable families programs, in millions of dollars ($M)
Total full-time and part-time proprietor employment (farm & nonfarm) (No.)
Total number of schools per 100,000 people (No./100,000)
Total reported number of accidental morbidity and mortality cases excluding weather events (No. ind.)
Underemployed (Not reported)
Unemployed percent of labor force (%)
Uranium ( U308) reserves (Not reported)
Utility patent grants, percent change from previous year (%)
Value of household services and volunteering ($)
Violent crimes per 100,000 people (No./100,000)
Water Sustainability Index (unitless)
Zinc reserves (metric tons)

Constant or Factor Variables (and Units) view details (1 variable)

em.detail.constantFactorVariableHelp

Geographic region (nation) (Not applicable)

Intermediate

Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units) view details (16 variables)

em.detail.intermediateVariableHelp

Activism (unitless)
Air quality (untiless)
Capital investment (unitless)
Communication (unitless)
Community initiatives (unitless)
Consumption (unitless)
Educational services (unitless)
Employment (unitless)
Finance (unitless)
Food, fiber, fuel provisioning (unitless)
Greenspace (unitless)
Innovation (unitless)
Production (unitless)
Redistribution (unitless)
Water quality (unitless)
Water quantity (unitless)

Response

em.detail.variablesResponseHelp

Observed Response Variables (and Units) em.detail.observedResponseHelp ?	None
Computed Response Variables (and Units) view details (9 variables) em.detail.computedResponseHelp ?	Connection to nature (unitless) Cultural fullfillment (unitless) Education (unitless) Health (unitless) Human well being index (unitless) Leisure time (unitless) Living standards (unitless) Safety and security (unitless) Social cohesion (unitless)