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EM: VELMA: 6PPD-Quinone stormwater concentrations , Seattle, Washington (EM-993)
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Expand AllEM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-993 |
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EM Short Name
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Velma- 6PPD-Q concentrations, Seattle, WA |
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EM Full Name
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VELMA: 6PPD-Quinone stormwater concentrations , Seattle, Washington |
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EM Source or Collection
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US EPA |
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EM Source Document ID
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465 |
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Document Author
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Halama JJ, McKane RB, Barnhart BL, Pettus PP, Brookes AF, Adams AK, Gockel CK, Djang KS, Phan V, Chokshi SM, Graham JJ, Tian Z, Peter KT and Kolodziej,EP |
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Document Year
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2024 |
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Document Title
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Watershed analysis of urban stormwater contaminant 6PPD-Quinone hotspots and stream concentrations using a process-based ecohydrological model |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
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Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
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Contact Name
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Jonathan Halama |
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Contact Address
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR |
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Contact Email
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Halama.Jonathan@epa.gov |
EM Description
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Summary Description
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ABSTRACT: "Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) are highly sensitive to 6PPD-Quinone (6PPD-Q). Details of the hydrological and biogeochemical processes controlling spatial and temporal dynamics of 6PPD-Q fate and transport from points of deposition to receiving waters (e.g., streams, estuaries) are poorly understood. To understand the fate and transport of 6PPD and mechanisms leading to salmon mortality Visualizing Ecosystem Land Management Assessments (VELMA), an ecohydrological model developed by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), was enhanced to better understand and inform stormwater management planning by municipal, state, and federal partners seeking to reduce stormwater contaminant loads in urban streams draining to the Puget Sound National Estuary. This work focuses on the 5.5 km2 Longfellow Creek upper watershed (Seattle, Washington, United States), which has long exhibited high rates of acute urban runoff mortality syndrome in coho salmon. We present VELMA model results to elucidate these processes for the Longfellow Creek watershed across multiple scales–from 5-m grid cells to the entire watershed. Our results highlight hydrological and biogeochemical controls on 6PPD-Q flow paths, and hotspots within the watershed and its stormwater infrastructure, that ultimately impact contaminant transport to Longfellow Creek and Puget Sound. Simulated daily average 6PPD-Q and available observed 6PPD-Q peak in-stream grab sample concentrations (ng/L) corresponds within plus or minus 10 ng/L. Most importantly, VELMA’s high-resolution spatial and temporal analysis of 6PPD-Q hotspots provides a tool for prioritizing the locations, amounts, and types of green infrastructure that can most effectively reduce 6PPD-Q stream concentrations to levels protective of coho salmon and other aquatic species. " |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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Not reported |
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Biophysical Context
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6PPD deposition from vehicle tire wear particles. |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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N/A |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
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Method + Application |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
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Application of existing model |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
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Document ID for related EM
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Doc-366 | Doc-423 | Doc-430 |
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EM ID for related EM
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None |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
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9/2020-6/2021 |
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EM Time Dependence
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time-dependent |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
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past time |
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EM Time Continuity
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discrete |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
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1 |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
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Day |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
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Watershed/Catchment/HUC |
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Spatial Extent Name
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Longfellow creek |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
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1-10 km^2 |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
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spatially lumped (in all cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
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Not applicable |
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Spatial Grain Size
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Not applicable |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Analytic |
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EM Determinism
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deterministic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
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Yes |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
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No |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
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None |
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
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Yes |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
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Unclear |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
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Unclear |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
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Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
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Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
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| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
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47.55 |
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Centroid Longitude
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122.37 |
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Centroid Datum
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None provided |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Provided |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
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Rivers and Streams |
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Specific Environment Type
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small stream |
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EM Ecological Scale
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Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
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EM Organismal Scale
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Species |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
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EnviroAtlas URL
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| Carbon Storage by Tree Biomass |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
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Comment:Model identifies toxicant concentrations relative to the known LC50 for coho juveniles which is 95ng/L (Spromber and Scholz, 2011; |
EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
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Intermediate
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Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units)
view details (3 variables)
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Response
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Observed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (1 variable)
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Computed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (1 variable)
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