EcoService Models Library (ESML)

Compare EMs

EM Variables by Variable Role

One quick way to compare ecological models (EMs) is by comparing their variables. Predictor variables show what kinds of influences a model is able to account for, and what kinds of data it requires. Response variables show what information a model is capable of estimating.

This first comparison shows the names (and units) of each EM’s variables, side-by-side, sorted by variable role. Variable roles in ESML are as follows:

Predictor Variables
- Time- or Space-Varying Variables
- Constants and Parameters
Intermediate (Computed) Variables
Response Variables
- Computed Response Variables
- Measured Response Variables

EM Variables by Category

A second way to use variables to compare EMs is by focusing on the kind of information each variable represents. The top-level categories in the ESML Variable Classification Hierarchy are as follows:

Policy Regarding Use or Management of Ecosystem Resources
Land Surface (or Water Body Bed) Cover, Use or Substrate
Human Demographic Data
Human-Produced Stressor or Enhancer of Ecosystem Goods and Services Production
Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services
Non-monetary Indicators of Human Demand, Use or Benefit of Ecosystem Goods and Services
Monetary Values

Besides understanding model similarities, sorting the variables for each EM by these 7 categories makes it easier to see if the compared models can be linked using similar variables. For example, if one model estimates an ecosystem attribute (in Category 5), such as water clarity, as a response variable, and a second model uses a similar attribute (also in Category 5) as a predictor of recreational use, the two models can potentially be used in tandem. This comparison makes it easier to spot potential model linkages.

All EM Descriptors

This selection allows a more detailed comparison of EMs by model characteristics other than their variables. The 50-or-so EM descriptors for each model are presented, side-by-side, in the following categories:

EM Identity and Description
EM Modeling Approach
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

EM Descriptors by Modeling Concepts

This feature guides the user through the use of the following seven concepts for comparing and selecting EMs:

Conceptual Model
Modeling Objective
Modeling Context
Potential for Model Linkage
Feasibility of Model Use
Model Certainty
Model Structural Information

Though presented separately, these concepts are interdependent, and information presented under one concept may have relevance to other concepts as well.

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Comparing:

EM-186
EM-392
EM-397
EM-469
EM-863
EM-876

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EM Identity and Description

EM Identification

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Short Name em.detail.shortNameHelp ?	FORCLIM v2.9, Western OR, USA	EPA H2O, Tampa Bay Region, FL,USA	Wetland shellfish production, Gulf of Mexico, USA	Yasso07 - SOC, Loess Plateau, China	SLAMM, Tampa Bay, FL, USA	Neighborhood greenness and health, FL, USA
EM Full Name em.detail.fullNameHelp ?	FORCLIM (FORests in a changing CLIMate) v2.9, Western OR, USA	EPA H2O, Tampa Bay Region, FL, USA	Wetland shellfish production, Gulf of Mexico, USA	Yasso07 - Land Use Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in the Loess Plateau, China	SLAMM (sea level affecting marshes model), Tampa Bay, Florida, USA	Neighborhood greenness and chronic health conditions in Medicare beneficiaries, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA
EM Source or Collection em.detail.emSourceOrCollectionHelp ?	US EPA	US EPA	US EPA ? Comment: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science	None	None	None
EM Source Document ID	23 ? Comment: Related document ID 22 is a secondary source providing tree species specific parameters in appendix.	321	324	344	415 ? Comment: Secondary sources: Documents 412 and 413.	417
Document Author em.detail.documentAuthorHelp ?	Busing, R. T., Solomon, A. M., McKane, R. B. and Burdick, C. A.	Ranade, P., Soter, G., Russell, M., Harvey, J., and K. Murphy	Stephen J. Jordan, Timothy O'Higgins and John A. Dittmar	Wu, Xing, Akujarvi, A., Lu, N., Liski, J., Liu, G., Want, Y, Holmberg, M., Li, F., Zeng, Y., and B. Fu	Sherwood, E. T. and H. S. Greening	Brown, S. C., J. Lombard, K. Wang, M. M. Byrne, M. Toro, E. Plater-Zyberk, D. J. Feaster, J. Kardys, M. I. Nardi, G. Perez-Gomez, H. M. Pantin, and J. Szapocznik
Document Year em.detail.documentYearHelp ?	2007	2015	2012	2015	2014	2016
Document Title em.detail.sourceIdHelp ?	Forest dynamics in Oregon landscapes: evaluation and application of an individual-based model	EPA H20 User Manual	Ecosystem Services of Coastal Habitats and Fisheries: Multiscale Ecological and Economic Models in Support of Ecosystem-Based Management	Dynamics of soil organic carbon stock in a typical catchment of the Loess Plateau: comparison of model simulations with measurement	Potential impacts and management implications of climate change on Tampa Bay estuary critical coastal habitats	Neighborhood greenness and chronic health conditions in Medicare beneficiaries
Document Status em.detail.statusCategoryHelp ?	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published
Comments on Status em.detail.commentsOnStatusHelp ?	Published journal manuscript	Published EPA report	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript

Software and Access

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Software Access info Exit em.detail.modelAccessInformationHelp ?	Not applicable	http://www.epa.gov/ged/tbes/EPAH2O	Not applicable	http://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/yasso-download-and-support	http://warrenpinnacle.com/prof/SLAMM/index.html com/prof/SLAMM/index.html	Not applicable
Contact Name em.detail.contactNameHelp ?	Richard T. Busing	Marc J. Russell, Ph.D.	Stephen J. Jordan	Xing Wu	Edward T. Sherwood	Scott C. Brown
Contact Address	U.S. Geological Survey, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, Oregon 97333 USA	USEPA GED, One Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA	Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China	Tampa Bay Estuary Program, 263 13th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA	Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Clinical Research Building (CRB), Room 1065, Miami FL 33136
Contact Email	rtbusing@aol.com	russell.marc@epa.gov	jordan.steve@epa.gov	xingwu@rceesac.cn	esherwood@tbep.org	sbrown@med.miami.edu

EM Description

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Summary Description em.detail.summaryDescriptionHelp ?	ABSTRACT: "The FORCLIM model of forest dynamics was tested against field survey data for its ability to simulate basal area and composition of old forests across broad climatic gradients in western Oregon, USA. The model was also tested for its ability to capture successional trends in ecoregions of the west Cascade Range…The simulation of both stand-replacing and partial-stand disturbances across western Oregon improved agreement between simulated and actual data." Western Oregon forested ecoregions (Omernick classification) were Coastal Volcanics (1d), Mid-coastal Sedimentary (1g), Willamette Valley (3), West Cascade Lowlands (4a), West Cascade Montane (4b), Cascade Crest (4c), East Cascade Ponderosa Pine (9d), and East Cascade Pumice Plateau (9e).	AUTHORS DESCRIPTION: "EPA H2O is a GIS based demonstration tool for assessing ecosystem goods and services (EGS). It was developed as a preliminary assessment tool in support of research being conducted in the Tampa Bay watershed. It provides information, data, approaches and guidance that communities can use to examine alternative land use scenarios in the context of nature’s benefits to the human community. . . EPA H2O allows users for the Tampa Bay estuary and its watershed to: • Gain a greater understanding of the significance of EGS, • Explore the spatial distribution of EGS and other ecosystem features, • Obtain map and summary statistics of EGS production's potential value, • Analyze and compare potential impacts from predicted development scenarios or user specified changes in land use patterns on EGS production's potential value EPA H2O is designed for analyzing data at neighborhood to regional scales.. . The tool is transportable to other locations if the required data are available. . . .	ABSTRACT: "We present concepts and case studies linking the production functions (contributions to recruitment) of critical habitats to commercial and recreational fishery values by combining site specific research data with spatial analysis and population models. We present examples illustrating various spatial scales of analysis, with indicators of economic value, for … commercial blue crab Callinectes sapidus and penaeid shrimp fisheries in the Gulf of Mexico."	ABSTRACT: "Land use changes are known to significantly affect the soil C balance by altering both C inputs and losses. Since the late 1990s, a large area of the Loess Plateau has undergone intensive land use changes during several ecological restoration projects to control soil erosion and combat land degradation, especially in the Grain for Green project. By using remote sensing techniques and the Yasso07 model, we simulated the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in the Yangjuangou catchment of the Loess Plateau. The performance of the model was evaluated by comparing the simulated results with the intensive field measurements in 2006 and 2011 throughout the catchment. SOC stocks and NPP values of all land use types had generally increased during our study period. The average SOC sequestration rate in the upper 30 cm soil from 2006 to 2011 in the Yangjuangou catchment was approximately 44 g C m-2 yr-1, which was comparable to other studies in the Loess Plateau. Forest and grassland showed a more effective accumulation of SOC than the other land use types in our study area. The Yasso07 model performed reasonably well in predicting the overall dynamics of SOC stock for different land use change types at both the site and catchment scales. The assessment of the model performance indicated that the combination of Yasso07 model and remote sensing data could be used for simulating the effect of land use changes on SOC stock at catchment scale in the Loess Plateau."	ABSTRACT: "The Tampa Bay estuary is a unique and valued ecosystem that currently thrives between subtropical and temperate climates along Florida’s west-central coast. The watershed is considered urbanized (42 % lands developed); however, a suite of critical coastal habitats still persists. Current management efforts are focused toward restoring the historic balance of these habitat types to a benchmark 1950s period. We have modeled the anticipated changes to a suite of habitats within the Tampa Bay estuary using the sea level affecting marshes model (SLAMM) under various sea level rise (SLR) scenarios. Modeled changes to the distribution and coverage of mangrove habitats within the estuary are expected to dominate the overall proportions of future critical coastal habitats. Modeled losses in salt marsh, salt barren, and coastal freshwater wetlands by 2100 will significantly affect the progress achieved in ‘‘Restoring the Balance’’ of these habitat types over recent periods…"	ABSTRACT: "Introduction: Prior studies suggest that exposure to the natural environment may impact health. The present study examines the association between objective measures of block-level greenness (vegetative presence) and chronic medical conditions, including cardiometabolic conditions, in a large population-based sample of Medicare beneficiaries in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Methods: The sample included 249,405 Medicare beneficiaries aged >=65 years whose location (ZIP+4) within Miami-Dade County, Florida, did not change, from 2010 to 2011. Data were obtained in 2013 and multilevel analyses conducted in 2014 to examine relationships between greenness, measured by mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from satellite imagery at the Census block level, and chronic health conditions in 2011, adjusting for neighborhood median household income, individual age, gender, race, and ethnicity. Results: Higher greenness was significantly associated with better health, adjusting for covariates: An increase in mean block-level Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from 1 SD less to 1 SD more than the mean was associated with 49 fewer chronic conditions per 1,000 individuals, which is approximately similar to a reduction in age of the overall study population by 3 years. This same level of increase in mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was associated with a reduced risk of diabetes by 14%, hypertension by 13%, and hyperlipidemia by 10%. Planned post-hoc analyses revealed stronger and more consistently positive relationships between greenness and health in lower- than higher-income neighborhoods. Conclusions: Greenness or vegetative presence may be effective in promoting health in older populations, particularly in poor neighborhoods, possibly due to increased time outdoors, physical activity, or stress mitigation."
Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited em.detail.policyDecisionContextHelp ?	None Identified	None reported	None identified	None	None identified	None identified
Biophysical Context	Coastal to montane, Pacific Northwest US (Oregon) forests.	Not applicable	Estuarine environments and marsh-land interfaces	Agricultural plain, hills, gulleys, forest, grassland, Central China	No additional description provided	No additional description provided
EM Scenario Drivers em.detail.scenarioDriverHelp ?	Two scenarios modelled, forests with and without fire	Land Use, EGS algorithm values,	Shellfish type; Changes to submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV)	Land use change	Varying sea level rise (baseline - 2m), and two habitat adaption strategies	No scenarios presented

EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run em.detail.methodOrAppHelp ?	Method + Application (multiple runs exist) View EM Runs ? Comment: Related document ID 22 is a secondary source providing tree species specific parameters in appendix.	Method + Application	Method + Application (multiple runs exist) View EM Runs ? Comment: Ten runs; blue crab and penaeid shrimp, each combined with five different submerged aquatic vegetation habitat areas.	Method + Application	Method + Application (multiple runs exist) View EM Runs	Method + Application
New or Pre-existing EM? em.detail.newOrExistHelp ?	Application of existing model	New or revised model	New or revised model	Application of existing model	Application of existing model	New or revised model

Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Document ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmDocumentIdHelp ?	Doc-22 \| Doc-23 ? Comment: Related document ID 22 provides tree species specific parameters in appendix.	None	None	Doc-343 \| Doc-342	Doc-412 \| Doc-413	None
EM ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmEmIdHelp ?	EM-146 \| EM-208 \| EM-224	None	EM-604 \| EM-603	EM-466 \| EM-467 \| EM-480 \| EM-485	EM-857	None

EM Modeling Approach

EM Relationship to Time

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Temporal Extent em.detail.tempExtentHelp ?	>650 yrs	Not applicable	1950 - 2050	1969-2011	2002-2100	2010-2011
EM Time Dependence em.detail.timeDependencyHelp ?	time-dependent	time-stationary	time-dependent	time-dependent	time-stationary	time-stationary
EM Time Reference (Future/Past) em.detail.futurePastHelp ?	past time	Not applicable	future time	past time	Not applicable	Not applicable
EM Time Continuity em.detail.continueDiscreteHelp ?	discrete	Not applicable	discrete	discrete	Not applicable	Not applicable
EM Temporal Grain Size Value em.detail.tempGrainSizeHelp ?	1	Not applicable	Varies by Run	1	Not applicable	Not applicable
EM Temporal Grain Size Unit em.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp ?	Year	Not applicable	Year	Year	Not applicable	Not applicable

EM Spatial Extent

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Bounding Type em.detail.boundingTypeHelp ?	Physiographic or ecological	Geopolitical ? Comment: Extent was Tampa Bay area in example, but boundary can be geopolitical or watershed derived.	Physiographic or ecological	Watershed/Catchment/HUC	Watershed/Catchment/HUC	Geopolitical
Spatial Extent Name em.detail.extentNameHelp ?	Western Oregon, north of 43.00 N to Washington border	Tampa Bay region	Gulf of Mexico (estuarine and coastal)	Yangjuangou catchment	Tampa Bay estuary watershed	Miami-Dade County
Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude) em.detail.extentAreaHelp ?	10,000-100,000 km^2	1000-10,000 km^2.	10,000-100,000 km^2	1-10 km^2	1000-10,000 km^2.	1000-10,000 km^2.

Spatial Distribution of Computations

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Spatial Distribution em.detail.distributeLumpHelp ?	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases) ? Comment: Computations at this pixel scale pertain to certain variables specific to Mobile Bay.	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)
Spatial Grain Type em.detail.spGrainTypeHelp ?	area, for pixel or radial feature	area, for pixel or radial feature	area, for pixel or radial feature	area, for pixel or radial feature	area, for pixel or radial feature	other (specify), for irregular (e.g., stream reach, lake basin)
Spatial Grain Size em.detail.spGrainSizeHelp ?	0.08 ha	30m x 30m	55.2 km^2	30m x 30m	10 x 10 m	Census block

EM Structure and Computation Approach

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Computational Approach em.detail.emComputationalApproachHelp ?	Numeric	Analytic	Numeric	Numeric	Analytic	Analytic
EM Determinism em.detail.deterStochHelp ?	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic
Statistical Estimation of EM em.detail.statisticalEstimationHelp ?	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	None	Conventional (frequentist) statistics

Model Checking Procedures Used

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Model Calibration Reported? em.detail.calibrationHelp ?	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Not applicable
Model Goodness of Fit Reported? em.detail.goodnessFitHelp ?	No	No	No	Yes ? Comment: For the year 2006 and 2011	No	No
Goodness of Fit (metric\| value \| unit) em.detail.goodnessFitValuesHelp ?	None	None	None	Regression coefficient \| 0.359 \| unitless Regression coefficient, Rsquared \| 0.20 \| unitless	None	None
Model Operational Validation Reported? em.detail.validationHelp ?	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported? em.detail.uncertaintyAnalysisHelp ?	No	No	No	No	No	No
Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported? em.detail.sensAnalysisHelp ?	No	No	No	No	No	No
Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions? em.detail.interactionConsiderHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable

EM Locations, Environments, Ecology

Location of EM Application

Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])

EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
North America United States Oregon	North America United States Florida	North America United States Mississippi Texas Louisiana Alabama Florida	Asia China	North America United States Florida	North America United States Florida

Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)

EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
None	None	Temperate North Atlantic Northwest Atlantic Warm Temperate Northwest Atlantic Northern Gulf of Mexico	None	Tropical Atlantic West Tropical Atlantic Tropical Northwestern Atlantic Floridian	None

Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Centroid Latitude em.detail.ddLatHelp ?	44.66	28.05	30.44	36.7	27.76	25.64
Centroid Longitude em.detail.ddLongHelp ?	-122.56	-82.52	-87.99	109.52	-82.54	-80.5
Centroid Datum em.detail.datumHelp ?	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84
Centroid Coordinates Status em.detail.coordinateStatusHelp ?	Estimated	Estimated	Estimated	Provided	Estimated	Estimated

Environments and Scales Modeled

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Environmental Sub-Class em.detail.emEnvironmentalSubclassHelp ?	Forests	Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified)	Near Coastal Marine and Estuarine	Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified) \| Agroecosystems	Inland Wetlands \| Near Coastal Marine and Estuarine \| Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified)	Created Greenspace
Specific Environment Type em.detail.specificEnvTypeHelp ?	Primarily conifer forest	All terestrial landcover and waterbodies	Submerged aquatic vegetation in estuaries and coastal lagoons	Loess plain	Esturary and associated urban and terrestrial environment	urban neighborhood greenspace
EM Ecological Scale em.detail.ecoScaleHelp ?	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is coarser than that of the Environmental Sub-class

Scale and taxa of organisms modeled

Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
EM Organismal Scale em.detail.orgScaleHelp ?	Species	Not applicable	Species	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable

Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified

EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
Species Pinus ponderosa Abies amabilis Tsuga mertensiana Thuja plicata Picea sitchensis Abies procera Abies grandis Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Tsuga heterophylla Other (trees) Quercus garryana Pseudotsuga menziesii	None Available	Family Penaeid shrimp Species Callinectes sapidus (blue crab)	None Available	None Available	None Available

EnviroAtlas URL

EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
GAP Ecological Systems, Average Annual Precipitation, U.S. EPA (Omernik) ecoregions	The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD), GAP Ecological Systems, Total Annual Reduced Nitrogen Deposition, Waterbody area, Percent GAP Status 1 & 2, Acres of Land Enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), The Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD), Carbon Storage by Tree Biomass	Big game hunting recreation demand	Average Annual Precipitation, Carbon storage by tree biomass (kg/m2), Agricultural water use (million gallons/day), Carbon Storage by Tree Biomass	National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHD PlusV2)	Percent Population other than White, Non-Hispanic, Percent Population under 13 Years Old

EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)

EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
[Ecosystem] Provisioning Materials Biomass Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing [Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection Maintaining nursery populations and habitats	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Atmospheric composition and climate regulation Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations Mediation of flows Liquid flows Flood protection Mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances Mediation by ecosystems Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by ecosystems	[Ecosystem] Provisioning Nutrition Biomass Wild animals and their outputs	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Atmospheric composition and climate regulation Micro and regional climate regulation Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection Maintaining nursery populations and habitats	[Ecosystem] Cultural Physical and intellectual interactions with biota, ecosystems, and land-/seascapes [environmental settings] Physical and experiential interactions Physical use of land-/seascapes in different environmental settings

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/national-ecosystem-services-classification-system-nescs-plus">National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS) Plus</a>

(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)

EM-186	EM-392	EM-397	EM-469	EM-863	EM-876
None	Rivers and Streams (111) Composite (8) Regulation of extreme events Extreme Event Indicator	Near Coastal Marine/Estuarine (113) Fauna (4) Crabs Stock Indicator Shrimp Stock Indicator	None	None	Urban/Surburban (27) Composite (8) Presence of environmental class/subclass Stock Indicator

EcoService Models Library (ESML)

Compare EMs

EM Variables by Variable Role

EM Variables by Category

All EM Descriptors

EM Descriptors by Modeling Concepts

Comparing:

EM Identity and Description

Comment:

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Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML

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EM Modeling Approach

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EM Locations, Environments, Ecology

Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])

Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)

Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)

Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled

Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified

EnviroAtlas URL

EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/national-ecosystem-services-classification-system-nescs-plus">National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS) Plus</a>

(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)