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EM: Development of an anthropogenic emissions processing system for Asia using SMOKE (EM-1019)
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Expand AllEM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-1019 |
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EM Short Name
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SMOKE emissions model, Asia |
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EM Full Name
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Development of an anthropogenic emissions processing system for Asia using SMOKE |
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EM Source or Collection
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None |
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EM Source Document ID
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481 |
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Document Author
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Woo, J.H., Choi, K.C., Kim, H.K., Baek, B.H., Jang, M., Eum, J.H., Song, C.H., Ma, Y.I., Sunwoo, Y., Chang, L.S. and Yoo, S.H. |
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Document Year
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2012 |
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Document Title
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Development of an anthropogenic emissions processing system for Asia using SMOKE |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
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Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
| https://www.cmascenter.org/smoke/ | |
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Contact Name
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Jung-Hun Woo |
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Contact Address
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Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Room 812, San-Hak Bldg., Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea |
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Contact Email
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jwoo@konkuk.ac.kr |
EM Description
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Summary Description
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Air quality modeling is a useful methodology to investigate air quality degradation in various locations and to analyze effectiveness of emission reduction plans. A comprehensive air quality model usually requires a coordinated set of emissions input of all necessary chemical species. We have developed an anthropogenic emissions processing system for Asia in support of air quality modeling and analysis over Asia (named SMOKE-Asia). The SMOKE (Sparse Matrix Operator kernel Emissions) system, which was developed by U.S. EPA and has been maintained by the Carolina Environmental Program (CEP) of the University of North Carolina, was used to develop our emissions processing system. A merged version of INTEX 2006 and TRACE-P 2000 inventories was used as an initial Asian emissions inventory. The IDA (Inventory Data Analyzer) format was used to create SMOKE-ready emissions. Source Classification Codes (SCCs) and country/state/county (FIPS) code, which are the two key data fields of SMOKE IDA data structure, were created for Asia. The 38 SCCs and 2752 FIPS codes were allocated to our SMOKE-ready emissions for more comprehensive processing. US EPA’s MIMS (Multimedia Integrated Modeling System) Spatial Allocator software, along with many global and regional GIS shapes, were used to create spatial allocation profiles for Asia. Temporal allocation and chemical speciation profiles were partly regionalized using Asia-based studies. Initial data production using the developed SMOKE-Asia system was successfully performed. NOx and VOC emissions for the year 2009 were projected to be increased by 50% from those of 1997. The emission hotspots, such as large cities and large point sources, are distinguished in the domain due to spatial allocation. Regional emission peaks were distinguished due to temporally resolved emission information. The PAR (Paraffin carbon bond) and XYL (Xylene and other polyalkyl aromatics) showed the first and second largest emission rate among VOC species. Most of point source emissions are located in layers 3 to 4, which the altitude range reaches 310–550 m AGL. Qualitative inter-comparison between model output and ground/satellite measurement showed good agreements in terms of spatial and temporal patterns. We expect that the result of this study will provide better air quality modeling inputs, which will act as a major step to improve our understanding of Asian air quality. |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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None provided |
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Biophysical Context
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Asia |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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NA |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
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Method + Application |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
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Application of existing model |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
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Document ID for related EM
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Doc-478 |
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EM ID for related EM
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EM-1012 | EM-1021 |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
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1997-2009 |
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EM Time Dependence
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time-dependent |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
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past time |
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EM Time Continuity
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continuous |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
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Not applicable |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
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Not applicable |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
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Geopolitical |
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Spatial Extent Name
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Asia |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
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1000-10,000 km^2. |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
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spatially lumped (in all cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
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Not applicable |
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Spatial Grain Size
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Not applicable |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Numeric |
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EM Determinism
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deterministic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
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Unclear |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
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Unclear |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
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None |
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
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Yes |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
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Unclear |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
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Unclear |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
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Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
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Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
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Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
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38.63 |
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Centroid Longitude
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117.79 |
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Centroid Datum
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WGS84 |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Estimated |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
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Atmosphere |
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Specific Environment Type
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Asian atmosphere |
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EM Ecological Scale
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Not applicable |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
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EM Organismal Scale
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Not applicable |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
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| None Available |
EnviroAtlas URL
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| None Available |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
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EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
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Driving Variables (and Units)
view details (4 variables)
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Constant or Factor Variables (and Units)
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None |
Intermediate
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Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units)
view details (5 variables)
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Response
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