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EM: HexSim, tule elk, California, USA (EM-443)
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Expand AllEM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-443 |
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EM Short Name
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HexSim, tule elk, California, USA |
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EM Full Name
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HexSim, tule elk, California, USA |
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EM Source or Collection
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US EPA |
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EM Source Document ID
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328 |
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Document Author
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Huber, P. R., S. E. Greco, N. H. Schumaker, and J. Hobbs |
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Document Year
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2014 |
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Document Title
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A priori assessment of reintroduction strategies for a native ungulate: using HexSim to guide release site selection |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
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Published journal manuscript |
Software and Access
| http://www.hexsim.net/download | |
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Contact Name
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P. R. Huber |
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Contact Address
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University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA |
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Contact Email
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prhuber@ucdavis.edu |
EM Description
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Summary Description
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AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "HexSim is a simulation framework within which PVA and other models are constructed. HexSim simulations can range from simple and parsimonious, at one extreme, to complex, data intensive, and biologically realistic at the other. Our tule elk simulations were moderately complex, capturing major life history events such as survival, reproduction and movement, while ignoring other details such as impact of environmental stochasticity or the spread of diseases through the population." "One of the features that distinguishes HexSim from its predecessor is the ability to model group, or herd, movement. This is accomplished through use of a ‘‘proto-disperser’’, an imaginary individual that explores the landscape, finds resources, and then serves as a movement target for the other group members who converge on this target. This feature allows for modeling of both individuals and groups. Another useful feature of HexSim is the barriers component. Multiple types of movement barriers can be included in the model, reflecting likely responses to various kinds of blockages to wildlife. Because many of these barriers tend to be human-related, this feature allows for assessing the potential impacts of multiple types of human infrastructure and landscape features on modeled species. This paper examines several reintroduction scenarios for returning an endemic elk subspecies (tule elk; Cervus elaphus nannodes) to a portion of its native range in California, USA." |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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As part of an ongoing restoration program, HexSim was used to evaluate a portion of the former range of tule elk to identify the release scenario producing the most elk and fewest human conflicts. |
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Biophysical Context
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Located in the Central Valley of California. |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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Four release sites; Kesterson, Arena Plains, San Luis, and East Bear Creek. |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
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Model Run Associated with a Specific EM Application |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
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Model Run for East Bear Creek release site |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
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Document ID for related EM
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Doc-327 | Doc-2 | Doc-337 |
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EM ID for related EM
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None |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
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25 years |
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EM Time Dependence
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time-dependent |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
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future time |
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EM Time Continuity
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discrete |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
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1 |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
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Year |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
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Geopolitical |
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Spatial Extent Name
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Grasslands Ecological Area |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
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100-1000 km^2 |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
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spatially distributed (in at least some cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
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area, for pixel or radial feature |
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Spatial Grain Size
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Not reported |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Numeric |
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EM Determinism
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stochastic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
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Unclear |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
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Not applicable |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
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None |
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
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No |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
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No |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
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Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
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Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
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| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
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37.25 |
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Centroid Longitude
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-120.8 |
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Centroid Datum
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WGS84 |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Estimated |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
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Inland Wetlands | Forests | Agroecosystems | Grasslands |
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Specific Environment Type
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Terrestrial mosaic |
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EM Ecological Scale
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Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
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EM Organismal Scale
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Individual or population, within a species |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
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EnviroAtlas URL
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| None Available |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
fegs2Help
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| None |
EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
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Intermediate
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Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units)
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* |
Response
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Observed Response Variables (and Units)
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* |
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Computed Response Variables (and Units)
view details (3 variables)
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