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EM: VELMA (Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessment) version 2.0 disturbance (EM-887)
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EM Identity and Description
EM Identification
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EM ID
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EM-887 |
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EM Short Name
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VELMA v. 2.0 disturbance |
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EM Full Name
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VELMA (Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessment) version 2.0 disturbance |
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EM Source or Collection
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US EPA |
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EM Source Document ID
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366 |
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Document Author
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McKane, R. B., A. Brookes, K. Djang, M. Stieglitz, A. G. Abdelnour, F. Pan, J. J. Halama, P. B. Pettus and D. L. Phillips |
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Document Year
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2014 |
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Document Title
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VELMA Version 2.0 User Manual and Technical Documentation |
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Document Status
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Peer reviewed and published |
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Comments on Status
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Published report |
Software and Access
| https://www.epa.gov/water-research/visualizing-ecosystem-land-management-assessments-velma-model-20 | |
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Contact Name
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Robert B. McKane |
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Contact Address
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U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, Corvallis, Oregon 97333 |
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Contact Email
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mckane.bob@epa.gov |
EM Description
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Summary Description
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VELMA – Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessments - is a spatially distributed, eco-hydrological model that links a land surface hydrology model with a terrestrial biogeochemistry model for simulating the integrated responses of vegetation, soil, and water resources to interacting stressors. For example, VELMA can simulate how changes in climate and land use interact to affect soil water storage, surface and subsurface runoff, vertical drainage, evapotranspiration, vegetation and soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics, and transport of nitrate, ammonium, and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen to water bodies. VELMA differs from other existing eco-hydrology models in its simplicity, flexibility, and theoretical foundation. The model has a user-friendly Graphics User Interface (GUI) for easy input of model parameter values. In addition, advanced visualization of simulation results can enhance understanding of results and underlying concepts. VELMA’s visualization and interactivity features are packaged in an open-source, open-platform programming environment (Java / Eclipse). The development team for VELMA version 2.0 includes Dr. Bob McKane and coworkers at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Western Ecology Division, Dr. Marc Stieglitz and coworkers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Dr. Feifei Pan at the University of North Texas. AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "Understanding how disturbances such as harvest, fire and fertilization affect ecosystem services has been a major motivation in the development of VELMA. For example, how do disturbances such as forest harvest or the application of agronomic fertilizers affect hydrological and biogeochemical processes controlling water quality and quantity, carbon sequestration, production of greenhouse gases, etc.? Abdelnour et al. (2011, 2013) have already demonstrated the use of VELMA v1.0 to simulate the effects of forest clearcutting on ecohydrological processes that regulate a variety of ecosystem services. With the addition of a tissue-specific plant biomass (LSR) simulator and an enhanced GUI, VELMA v2.0 significantly expands the detail, flexibility, and ease of use for simulating disturbance effects. Currently available disturbance models include: - BurnDisturbanceModel, effects of fire. - GrazeDisturbanceModel, effects of grazing. - FertilizeLsrDisturbanceModel, effects of fertilizer applications. - HarvestLsrDisturbanceModel, effects of biomass harvest. Each of these disturbance models specifies where and when a disturbance event will occur. The Burn, Graze and Harvest models have options for specifying how much of each plant tissue and detritus pool (leaves, stems, roots) will be removed and where it goes (offsite and/or to a specified onsite C and N pools). The Fertilize model has options for applying nitrogen as ammonium, nitrate, urea and/or manure." |
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Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited
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None identified |
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Biophysical Context
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No additional description provided |
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EM Scenario Drivers
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No scenarios presented |
EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications
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Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run
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Method Only |
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New or Pre-existing EM?
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New or revised model |
Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML
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Document ID for related EM
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Doc-13 | Doc-317 | Doc-366 | Doc-359 |
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EM ID for related EM
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EM-883 | EM-884 | EM-375 | EM-379 | EM-380 | EM-605 | EM-892 |
EM Modeling Approach
EM Relationship to Time
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EM Temporal Extent
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Not applicable |
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EM Time Dependence
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time-dependent |
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EM Time Reference (Future/Past)
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Not applicable |
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EM Time Continuity
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discrete |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Value
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1 |
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EM Temporal Grain Size Unit
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Day |
EM Spatial Extent
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Bounding Type
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Not applicable |
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Spatial Extent Name
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Not applicable |
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Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude)
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Not applicable |
Spatial Distribution of Computations
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EM Spatial Distribution
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spatially distributed (in at least some cases) |
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Spatial Grain Type
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area, for pixel or radial feature |
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Spatial Grain Size
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user defined |
EM Structure and Computation Approach
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EM Computational Approach
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Numeric |
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EM Determinism
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deterministic |
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Statistical Estimation of EM
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Model Checking Procedures Used
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Model Calibration Reported?
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Not applicable |
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Model Goodness of Fit Reported?
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Not applicable |
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Goodness of Fit (metric| value | unit)
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None |
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Model Operational Validation Reported?
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Not applicable |
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Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported?
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Not applicable |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported?
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Not applicable |
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Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions?
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Not applicable |
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
Location of EM Application
Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])
em.detail.relationToSpaceTerrestrialHelp
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| None |
Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)
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| None |
Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)
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Centroid Latitude
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Not applicable |
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Centroid Longitude
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Not applicable |
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Centroid Datum
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Not applicable |
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Centroid Coordinates Status
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Not applicable |
Environments and Scales Modeled
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EM Environmental Sub-Class
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Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified) |
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Specific Environment Type
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Terrestrial environment sub-classes |
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EM Ecological Scale
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Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class |
Scale and taxa of organisms modeled
Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled
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EM Organismal Scale
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Not applicable |
Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified
taxonomyHelp
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| None Available |
EnviroAtlas URL
em.detail.enviroAtlasURLHelp
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| Carbon storage by tree biomass (kg/m2), Ecosystem Markets: Imperiled Species and Habitats |
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system
CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)
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(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)
fegs2Help
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| None |
EM Variable Names (and Units)
Predictor
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Intermediate
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Intermediate (Computed) Variables (and Units)
view details (4 variables)
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Response
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