EcoService Models Library (ESML)

Compare EMs

EM Variables by Variable Role

One quick way to compare ecological models (EMs) is by comparing their variables. Predictor variables show what kinds of influences a model is able to account for, and what kinds of data it requires. Response variables show what information a model is capable of estimating.

This first comparison shows the names (and units) of each EM’s variables, side-by-side, sorted by variable role. Variable roles in ESML are as follows:

Predictor Variables
- Time- or Space-Varying Variables
- Constants and Parameters
Intermediate (Computed) Variables
Response Variables
- Computed Response Variables
- Measured Response Variables

EM Variables by Category

A second way to use variables to compare EMs is by focusing on the kind of information each variable represents. The top-level categories in the ESML Variable Classification Hierarchy are as follows:

Policy Regarding Use or Management of Ecosystem Resources
Land Surface (or Water Body Bed) Cover, Use or Substrate
Human Demographic Data
Human-Produced Stressor or Enhancer of Ecosystem Goods and Services Production
Ecosystem Attributes and Potential Supply of Ecosystem Goods and Services
Non-monetary Indicators of Human Demand, Use or Benefit of Ecosystem Goods and Services
Monetary Values

Besides understanding model similarities, sorting the variables for each EM by these 7 categories makes it easier to see if the compared models can be linked using similar variables. For example, if one model estimates an ecosystem attribute (in Category 5), such as water clarity, as a response variable, and a second model uses a similar attribute (also in Category 5) as a predictor of recreational use, the two models can potentially be used in tandem. This comparison makes it easier to spot potential model linkages.

All EM Descriptors

This selection allows a more detailed comparison of EMs by model characteristics other than their variables. The 50-or-so EM descriptors for each model are presented, side-by-side, in the following categories:

EM Identity and Description
EM Modeling Approach
EM Locations, Environments, Ecology
EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

EM Descriptors by Modeling Concepts

This feature guides the user through the use of the following seven concepts for comparing and selecting EMs:

Conceptual Model
Modeling Objective
Modeling Context
Potential for Model Linkage
Feasibility of Model Use
Model Certainty
Model Structural Information

Though presented separately, these concepts are interdependent, and information presented under one concept may have relevance to other concepts as well.

Compare Criteria:

Show Criteria

Hide Criteria

Comparing:

EM-65
EM-71
EM-193
EM-260
EM-414
EM-542
EM-719
EM-890
EM-964
EM-993
EM-998

Add EM to Compare:

EM Identity and Description

EM Identification

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Short Name em.detail.shortNameHelp ?	Green biomass production, Central French Alps	Community flowering date, Central French Alps	Cultural ecosystem services, Bilbao, Spain	Coral taxa and land development, St.Croix, VI, USA	SAV occurrence, St. Louis River, MN/WI, USA	Coastal protection in Belize	Seed mix for native plant establishment, IA, USA	HWB Blood pressure, Great Lakes waterfront, USA	EcoSim II - method	Velma- 6PPD-Q concentrations, Seattle, WA	CAESAR landscape evolution model
EM Full Name em.detail.fullNameHelp ?	Green biomass production, Central French Alps	Community weighted mean flowering date, Central French Alps	Cultural ecosystem services, Bilbao, Spain	Coral taxa richness and land development, St.Croix, Virgin Islands, USA	Predicting submerged aquatic vegetation occurrence, St. Louis River Estuary, MN & WI, USA	Coastal Protection provided by Coral, Seagrasses and Mangroves in Belize:	Cost-effective seed mix design for native plant establishment, Iowa, USA	Human well being indicator- Blood pressure, Great Lakes waterfront, USA	EcoSim II - method	VELMA: 6PPD-Quinone stormwater concentrations , Seattle, Washington	Embedding reach-scale fluvial dynamics within the CAESAR cellular automaton landscape evolution model
EM Source or Collection em.detail.emSourceOrCollectionHelp ?	EU Biodiversity Action 5	EU Biodiversity Action 5	None ? Comment: EU Mapping Studies	US EPA	US EPA	InVEST	None	None	None	US EPA	None
EM Source Document ID	260	260	191	96	330	350	394	422 ? Comment: Has not been submitted to Journal yet, but has been peer reviewed by EPA inhouse and outside reviewers	448	465	468
Document Author em.detail.documentAuthorHelp ?	Lavorel, S., Grigulis, K., Lamarque, P., Colace, M-P, Garden, D., Girel, J., Pellet, G., and Douzet, R.	Lavorel, S., Grigulis, K., Lamarque, P., Colace, M-P, Garden, D., Girel, J., Pellet, G., and Douzet, R.	Casado-Arzuaga, I., Onaindia, M., Madariaga, I. and Verburg P. H.	Oliver, L. M., Lehrter, J. C. and Fisher, W. S.	Ted R. Angradi, Mark S. Pearson, David W. Bolgrien, Brent J. Bellinger, Matthew A. Starry, Carol Reschke	Guannel, G., Arkema, K., Ruggiero, P., and G. Verutes	Meissen, J.	Ted R. Angradi, Jonathon J. Launspach, and Molly J. Wick	Walters, C., Pauly, D., Christensen, V., and J.F. Kitchell	Halama JJ, McKane RB, Barnhart BL, Pettus PP, Brookes AF, Adams AK, Gockel CK, Djang KS, Phan V, Chokshi SM, Graham JJ, Tian Z, Peter KT and Kolodziej,EP	Van De Wiel, M. J., Coulthard, T. J., Macklin, M. G., & Lewin, J.
Document Year em.detail.documentYearHelp ?	2011	2011	2013	2011	2013	2016	2018	None	2000	2024	2007
Document Title em.detail.sourceIdHelp ?	Using plant functional traits to understand the landscape distribution of multiple ecosystem services	Using plant functional traits to understand the landscape distribution of multiple ecosystem services	Mapping recreation and aesthetic value of ecosystems in the Bilbao Metropolitan Greenbelt (northern Spain) to support landscape planning	Relating landscape development intensity to coral reef condition in the watersheds of St. Croix, US Virgin Islands	Predicting submerged aquatic vegetation cover and occurrence in a Lake Superior estuary	The Power of Three: Coral Reefs, Seagrasses and Mangroves Protect Coastal Regions and Increase Their Resilience	Cost-effective seed mix design and first-year management	Human well-being and natural capital indictors for Great Lakes waterfront revitalization	Representing density dependent consequences of life history strategies in aquatic ecostems: EcoSim II	Watershed analysis of urban stormwater contaminant 6PPD-Quinone hotspots and stream concentrations using a process-based ecohydrological model	Embedding reach-scale fluvial dynamics within the CAESAR cellular automaton landscape evolution model
Document Status em.detail.statusCategoryHelp ?	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed but unpublished (explain in Comment)	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published	Peer reviewed and published
Comments on Status em.detail.commentsOnStatusHelp ?	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published report	Journal manuscript submitted or in review	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript	Published journal manuscript

Software and Access

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Software Access info Exit em.detail.modelAccessInformationHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not identified in paper	Not applicable	Not applicable	https://ecopath.org/downloads/	Not reported	http://www.coulthard.org.uk/
Contact Name em.detail.contactNameHelp ?	Sandra Lavorel	Sandra Lavorel	Izaskun Casado-Arzuaga	Leah Oliver	Ted R. Angradi	Greg Guannel	Justin Meissen	Ted Angradi	Carl Walters	Jonathan Halama	Marco J. Van De Wiel
Contact Address	Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France	Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France	Plant Biology and Ecology Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Campus de Leioa, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain	National Health and Environmental Research Effects Laboratory	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA	The Nature Conservancy, Coral Gables, FL. USA	Tallgrass Prairie Center, University of Northern Iowa	USEPA, Center for Computational Toxicology and Ecology, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804	Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR	Department of Geography, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Contact Email	sandra.lavorel@ujf-grenoble.fr	sandra.lavorel@ujf-grenoble.fr	izaskun.casado@ehu.es	leah.oliver@epa.gov	angradi.theodore@epa.gov	greg.guannel@gmail.com	Not reported	tedangradi@gmail.com	c.walters@oceans.ubc.ca	Halama.Jonathan@epa.gov	mvandew3@uwo.ca

EM Description

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Summary Description em.detail.summaryDescriptionHelp ?	ABSTRACT: "Here, we propose a new approach for the analysis, mapping and understanding of multiple ES delivery in landscapes. Spatially explicit single ES models based on plant traits and abiotic characteristics are combined to identify ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ spots of multiple ES delivery, and the land use and biotic determinants of such distributions. We demonstrate the value of this trait-based approach as compared to a pure land-use approach for a pastoral landscape from the central French Alps, and highlight how it improves understanding of ecological constraints to, and opportunities for, the delivery of multiple services. Vegetative height and leaf traits such as leaf dry matter content were response traits strongly influenced by land use and abiotic environment, with follow-on effects on several ecosystem properties (e.g., green biomass production), and could therefore be used as functional markers of ES." AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "Variation in green biomass production was modelled using…traits community-weighted mean (CWM) and functional divergence (FD) and abiotic variables (continuous variables; trait + abiotic) following Diaz et al. (2007). …The comparison between this model and the land-use alone model identifies the need for site-based information beyond a land use or land cover proxy, and the comparison with the land use + abiotic model assesses the value of additional ecological (trait) information…Green biomass production for each pixel was calculated and mapped using model estimates for…regression coefficients on abiotic variables and traits. For each pixel these calculations were applied to mapped estimates of abiotic variables and trait CWM and FD. This step is critically novel as compared to a direct application of the model by Diaz et al. (2007) in that we explicitly modelled the responses of trait community-weighted means and functional divergences to environment prior to evaluating their effects on ecosystem properties. Such an approach is the key to the explicit representation of functional variation across the landscape, as opposed to the use of unique trait values within each land use (see Albert et al. 2010)."	ABSTRACT: "Here, we propose a new approach for the analysis, mapping and understanding of multiple ES delivery in landscapes. Spatially explicit single ES models based on plant traits and abiotic characteristics are combined to identify ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ spots of multiple ES delivery, and the land use and biotic determinants of such distributions. We demonstrate the value of this trait-based approach as compared to a pure land-use approach for a pastoral landscape from the central French Alps, and highlight how it improves understanding of ecological constraints to, and opportunities for, the delivery of multiple services." AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "Community-weighted mean date of flowering onset was modelled using mixed models with land use and abiotic variables as fixed effects (LU + abiotic model) and year as a random effect…and modelled for each 20 x 20 m pixel using GLM estimated effects for each land use category and estimated regression coefficients with abiotic variables."	ABSTRACT "This paper presents a method to quantify cultural ecosystem services (ES) and their spatial distribution in the landscape based on ecological structure and social evaluation approaches. The method aims to provide quantified assessments of ES to support land use planning decisions. A GIS-based approach was used to estimate and map the provision of recreation and aesthetic services supplied by ecosystems in a peri-urban area located in the Basque Country, northern Spain. Data of two different public participation processes (frequency of visits to 25 different sites within the study area and aesthetic value of different landscape units) were used to validate the maps. Three maps were obtained as results: a map showing the provision of recreation services, an aesthetic value map and a map of the correspondences and differences between both services. The data obtained in the participation processes were found useful for the validation of the maps. A weak spatial correlation was found between aesthetic quality and recreation provision services, with an overlap of the highest values for both services only in 7.2 % of the area. A consultation with decision-makers indicated that the results were considered useful to identify areas that can be targeted for improvement of landscape and recreation management."	AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "In this exploratory comparison, stony coral condition was related to watershed LULC and LDI values. We also compared the capacity of other potential human activity indicators to predict coral reef condition using multivariate analysis." (294)	ABSTRACT: “Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) provides the biophysical basis for multiple ecosystem services in Great Lakes estuaries. Understanding sources of variation in SAV is necessary for sustainable management of SAV habitat. From data collected using hydroacoustic survey methods, we created predictive models for SAV in the St. Louis River Estuary (SLRE) of western Lake Superior. The dominant SAV species in most areas of the estuary was American wild celery (Vallisneria americana Michx.)…” AUTHOR’S DESCRIPTION: “The SLRE is a Great Lakes “rivermouth” ecosystem as defined by Larson et al. (2013). The 5000-ha estuary forms a section of the state border between Duluth, Minnesota and Superior, Wisconsin…In the SLRE, SAV beds are often patchy, turbidity varies considerably among areas (DeVore, 1978) and over time, and the growing season is short. Given these conditions, hydroacoustic survey methods were the best option for generating the extensive, high resolution data needed for modeling. From late July through mid September in 2011, we surveyed SAV in Allouez Bay, part of Superior Bay, eastern half of St. Louis Bay, and Spirit Lake…We used the measured SAV percent cover at the location immediately previous to each useable record location along each transect as a lag variable to correct for possible serial autocorrelation of model error. SAV percent cover, substrate parameters, corrected depth, and exposure and bed slope data were combined in Arc-GIS...We created logistic regression models for each area of the SLRE to predict the probability of SAV being present at each report location. We created models for the training data set using the Logistic procedure in SAS v.9.1 with step wise elimination (?=0.05). Plots of cover by depth for selected predictor values (Supplementary Information Appendix C) suggested that interactions between depth and other predictors were likely to be significant, and so were included in regression models. We retained the main effect if their interaction terms were significant in the model. We examined the performance of the models using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. AUROC is the probability of concordance between random pairs of observations and ranges from 0.5 to 1 (Gönen, 2006). We cross-validated logistic occurrence models for their ability to classify correctly locations in the validation (holdout) dataset and in the Superior Bay dataset… Model performance, as indicated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was >0.8 (Table 3). Assessed accuracy of models (the percent of records where the predicted probability of occurrence and actual SAV presence or absence agreed) for split datasets was 79% for Allouez Bay, 86% for St. Louis Bay, and 78% for Spirit Lake."	AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "Natural habitats have the ability to protect coastal communities against the impacts of waves and storms, yet it is unclear how different habitats complement each other to reduce those impacts. Here, we investigate the individual and combined coastal protection services supplied by live corals on reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests during both non-storm and storm conditions, and under present and future sea-level conditions. Using idealized profiles of fringing and barrier reefs, we quantify the services supplied by these habitats using various metrics of inundation and erosion. We find that, together, live corals, seagrasses, and mangroves supply more protection services than any individual habitat or any combination of two habitats. Specifically, we find that, while mangroves are the most effective at protecting the coast under non-storm and storm conditions, live corals and seagrasses also moderate the impact of waves and storms, thereby further reducing the vulnerability of coastal regions. Also, in addition to structural differences, the amount of service supplied by habitats in our analysis is highly dependent on the geomorphic setting, habitat location and forcing conditions: live corals in the fringing reef profile supply more protection services than seagrasses; seagrasses in the barrier reef profile supply more protection services than live corals; and seagrasses, in our simulations, can even compensate for the long-term degradation of the barrier reef. Results of this study demonstrate the importance of taking integrated and place-based approaches when quantifying and managing for the coastal protection services supplied by ecosystems."	AUTHOR'S DESCRIPTION: "Restoring ecosystem services at scale requires executing conservation programs in a way that is resource and cost efficient as well as ecologically effective…Seed mix design is one of the largest determinants of project cost and ecological outcomes for prairie reconstructions. In particular, grass-to-forb seeding ratio affects cost since forb seed can be much more expensive relative to grass species (Prairie Moon Nursery 2012). Even for seed mixes with the same overall seeding rates, a mix with a low grass-to-forb seeding ratio is considerably more expensive than one with a high grass-to-forb ratio. Seeding rates for different plant functional groups that are too high or low may also adversely affect ecological outcomes…First-year management may also play a role in cost-effective prairie reconstruction. Post-agricultural sites where restoration typically occurs are often quickly dominated by fast-growing annual weeds by the time sown prairie seeds begin germinating (Smith et al. 2010)… Williams and others (2007) showed that prairie seedlings sown into established warm-season grasses were reliant on high light conditions created by frequently mowing tall vegetation in order to survive in subsequent years…Our objective was to compare native plant establishment and cost effectiveness with and without first-year mowing for three different seed mixes that differed in grass to forb ratio and soil type customization. With knowledge of plant establishment, cost effectiveness, and mowing management outcomes, conservation practitioners will be better equipped to restore prairie efficiently and successfully."	ABSTRACT: "Revitalization of natural capital amenities at the Great Lakes waterfront can result from sediment remediation, habitat restoration, climate resilience projects, brownfield reuse, economic redevelopment and other efforts. Practical indicators are needed to assess the socioeconomic and cultural benefits of these investments. We compiled U.S. census-tract scale data for five Great Lakes communities: Duluth/Superior, Green Bay, Milwaukee, Chicago, and Cleveland. We downloaded data from the US Census Bureau, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and non-governmental organizations. We compiled a final set of 19 objective human well-being (HWB) metrics and 26 metrics representing attributes of natural and 7 seminatural amenities (natural capital). We rated the reliability of metrics according to their consistency of correlations with metric of the other type (HWB vs. natural capital) at the census-tract scale, how often they were correlated in the expected direction, strength of correlations, and other attributes. Among the highest rated HWB indicators were measures of mean health, mental health, home ownership, home value, life success, and educational attainment. Highest rated natural capital metrics included tree cover and impervious surface metrics, walkability, density of recreational amenities, and shoreline type. Two ociodemographic covariates, household income and population density, had a strong influence on the associations between HWB and natural capital and must be included in any assessment of change in HWB benefits in the waterfront setting. Our findings are a starting point for applying objective HWB and natural capital indicators in a waterfront revitalization context."	ABSTRACT: " EcoSim II uses results from the Ecopath procedure for trophic mass-balance analysis to define biomass dynamics models for predicting temporal change in exploited ecosystems. Key populations can be repre- sented in further detail by using delay-difference models to account for both biomass and numbers dynamics. A major problem revealed by linking the population and biomass dynamics models is in representation of population responses to changes in food supply; simple proportional growth and reproductive responses lead to unrealistic predic- tions of changes in mean body size with changes in fishing mortality. EcoSim II allows users to specify life history mechanisms to avoid such unrealistic predictions: animals may translate changes in feed- ing rate into changes in reproductive rather than growth rates, or they may translate changes in food availability into changes in foraging time that in turn affects predation risk. These options, along with model relationships for limits on prey availabil- ity caused by predation avoidance tactics, tend to cause strong compensatory responses in modeled populations. It is likely that such compensatory responses are responsible for our inability to find obvious correlations between interacting trophic components in fisheries time-series data. But Eco- sim II does not just predict strong compensatory responses: it also suggests that large piscivores may be vulnerable to delayed recruitment collapses caused by increases in prey species that are in turn competitors/predators of juvenile piscivores "	ABSTRACT: "Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) are highly sensitive to 6PPD-Quinone (6PPD-Q). Details of the hydrological and biogeochemical processes controlling spatial and temporal dynamics of 6PPD-Q fate and transport from points of deposition to receiving waters (e.g., streams, estuaries) are poorly understood. To understand the fate and transport of 6PPD and mechanisms leading to salmon mortality Visualizing Ecosystem Land Management Assessments (VELMA), an ecohydrological model developed by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), was enhanced to better understand and inform stormwater management planning by municipal, state, and federal partners seeking to reduce stormwater contaminant loads in urban streams draining to the Puget Sound National Estuary. This work focuses on the 5.5 km2 Longfellow Creek upper watershed (Seattle, Washington, United States), which has long exhibited high rates of acute urban runoff mortality syndrome in coho salmon. We present VELMA model results to elucidate these processes for the Longfellow Creek watershed across multiple scales–from 5-m grid cells to the entire watershed. Our results highlight hydrological and biogeochemical controls on 6PPD-Q flow paths, and hotspots within the watershed and its stormwater infrastructure, that ultimately impact contaminant transport to Longfellow Creek and Puget Sound. Simulated daily average 6PPD-Q and available observed 6PPD-Q peak in-stream grab sample concentrations (ng/L) corresponds within plus or minus 10 ng/L. Most importantly, VELMA’s high-resolution spatial and temporal analysis of 6PPD-Q hotspots provides a tool for prioritizing the locations, amounts, and types of green infrastructure that can most effectively reduce 6PPD-Q stream concentrations to levels protective of coho salmon and other aquatic species. "	We introduce a new computational model designed to simulate and investigate reach-scale alluvial dynamics within a landscape evolution model. The model is based on the cellular automaton concept, whereby the continued iteration of a series of local process ‘rules’ governs the behaviour of the entire system. The model is a modified version of the CAESAR landscape evolution model, which applies a suite of physically based rules to simulate the entrainment, transport and deposition of sediments. The CAESAR model has been altered to improve the representation of hydraulic and geomorphic processes in an alluvial environment. In-channel and overbank flow, sediment entrainment and deposition, suspended load and bed load transport, lateral erosion and bank failure have all been represented as local cellular automaton rules. Although these rules are relatively simple and straightforward, their combined and repeatedly iterated effect is such that complex, non-linear geomorphological response can be simulated within the model. Examples of such larger-scale, emergent responses include channel incision and aggradation, terrace formation, channel migration and river meandering, formation of meander cutoffs, and transitions between braided and single-thread channel patterns. In the current study, the model is illustrated on a reach of the River Teifi, near Lampeter, Wales, UK.
Specific Policy or Decision Context Cited em.detail.policyDecisionContextHelp ?	None identified	None identified	Land management, ecosystem management, response to EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy	Not applicable	None identified	Future rock lobster fisheries management	Seed mix design and management practices for native plant restoration	None identified	None	Not reported	None identified
Biophysical Context	Elevation ranges from 1552 to 2442 m, on predominately south-facing slopes	Elevation ranges from 1552 to 2442 m, on predominantly south-facing slopes	Northern Spain; Bizkaia region	nearshore; <1.5 km offshore; <12 m depth	submerged aquatic vegetation	barrier reef and fringing reef in nearshore coastal marine system	The soils underlying the study site are primarily poorly drained Clyde clay loams, with a minor component of somewhat poorly drained Floyd loams in the northwest (NRCS 2016). Topographically, the study site is level, and slopes do not exceed 5% grade. Land use prior to this experiment was agricultural, with corn and soybeans consistently grown in rotation at the site.	Waterfront districts on south Lake Michigan and south lake Erie	None, Ocean ecosystems	6PPD deposition from vehicle tire wear particles.	River Teifi, Lampeter, Wales
EM Scenario Drivers em.detail.scenarioDriverHelp ?	No scenarios presented	No scenarios presented	No scenarios presented	Not applicable	No scenarios presented	Reef type, Sea level increase, storm conditions, seagrass conditions, coral conditions, vegetation types and conditions	No scenarios presented	N/A	N/A	N/A	Varying flow velocities and durations

EM Relationship to Other EMs or Applications

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Method Only, Application of Method or Model Run em.detail.methodOrAppHelp ?	Method + Application	Method + Application	Method + Application	Method + Application	Method + Application	Method + Application (multiple runs exist) View EM Runs	Method + Application (multiple runs exist) View EM Runs	Method + Application	Method Only	Method + Application	Method Only
New or Pre-existing EM? em.detail.newOrExistHelp ?	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	New or revised model	Application of existing model	New or revised model

Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Document ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmDocumentIdHelp ?	Doc-260	Doc-260 \| Doc-269	None	None	None	None	Doc-395	Doc-422	None	Doc-366 \| Doc-423 \| Doc-430	Doc-467
EM ID for related EM em.detail.relatedEmEmIdHelp ?	EM-66 \| EM-68 \| EM-69 \| EM-70 \| EM-71 \| EM-79 \| EM-80 \| EM-81 \| EM-82 \| EM-83	EM-65 \| EM-66 \| EM-68 \| EM-69 \| EM-70 \| EM-79 \| EM-80 \| EM-81 \| EM-82 \| EM-83	None	None	None	None	EM-728	EM-886 \| EM-888 \| EM-889 \| EM-891 \| EM-893 \| EM-894 \| EM-895	None	None	EM-997

EM Modeling Approach

EM Relationship to Time

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Temporal Extent em.detail.tempExtentHelp ?	2007-2009	2007-2008	2000 - 2007	2006-2007	2010 - 2012	2005-2013	2015-2017	2022	Not applicable	9/2020-6/2021	Not applicable
EM Time Dependence em.detail.timeDependencyHelp ?	time-stationary	time-stationary	time-stationary	time-stationary	time-stationary	time-dependent	time-dependent	time-stationary	time-dependent	time-dependent	time-dependent
EM Time Reference (Future/Past) em.detail.futurePastHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	both	past time	Not applicable
EM Time Continuity em.detail.continueDiscreteHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	discrete	discrete	Not applicable	discrete ? Comment: Modeller dependent	discrete	continuous
EM Temporal Grain Size Value em.detail.tempGrainSizeHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	1	1	Not applicable	1	1	Not applicable
EM Temporal Grain Size Unit em.detail.tempGrainSizeUnitHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Second	Year	Not applicable	Day	Day	Not applicable

EM Spatial Extent

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Bounding Type em.detail.boundingTypeHelp ?	Physiographic or Ecological	Physiographic or Ecological	Geopolitical	Physiographic or Ecological	Physiographic or ecological	Geopolitical	Other	Geopolitical	Other	Watershed/Catchment/HUC	Watershed/Catchment/HUC
Spatial Extent Name em.detail.extentNameHelp ?	Central French Alps	Central French Alps	Bilbao Metropolitan Greenbelt	St.Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands	St. Louis River Estuary	Coast of Belize	Iowa State University Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm	Great Lakes waterfront	Not applicable	Longfellow creek	River Teifi
Spatial Extent Area (Magnitude) em.detail.extentAreaHelp ?	10-100 km^2	10-100 km^2	100-1000 km^2	10-100 km^2	10-100 km^2	100-1000 km^2	<1 ha	1000-10,000 km^2.	Not applicable	1-10 km^2	1000-10,000 km^2.

Spatial Distribution of Computations

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Spatial Distribution em.detail.distributeLumpHelp ?	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially lumped (in all cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases) ? Comment: BH: Each individual transect?s data was parceled into location reports, and that each report?s ?quadrat? area was dependent upon the angle of the hydroacoustic sampling beam. The spatial grain is 0.07 m^2, 0.20 m^2 and 0.70 m^2 for depths of 1 meter, 2 meters and 3 meters, respectively.	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially distributed (in at least some cases)	spatially lumped (in all cases)	spatially lumped (in all cases)	spatially lumped (in all cases)	spatially lumped (in all cases)
Spatial Grain Type em.detail.spGrainTypeHelp ?	area, for pixel or radial feature	area, for pixel or radial feature	area, for pixel or radial feature	Not applicable	area, for pixel or radial feature	length, for linear feature (e.g., stream mile)	area, for pixel or radial feature	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Spatial Grain Size em.detail.spGrainSizeHelp ?	20 m x 20 m	20 m x 20 m	2 m x 2 m	Not applicable	0.07 m^2 to 0.70 m^2	1 meter	20 ft x 28 ft	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable

EM Structure and Computation Approach

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Computational Approach em.detail.emComputationalApproachHelp ?	Analytic	Analytic	Analytic	Analytic	Analytic	Analytic	Analytic	Numeric	Analytic	Analytic	Analytic
EM Determinism em.detail.deterStochHelp ?	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	stochastic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic	deterministic
Statistical Estimation of EM em.detail.statisticalEstimationHelp ?	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	None	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics	Conventional (frequentist) statistics

Model Checking Procedures Used

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Model Calibration Reported? em.detail.calibrationHelp ?	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Not applicable	No	No	Yes	Not applicable
Model Goodness of Fit Reported? em.detail.goodnessFitHelp ?	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Not applicable	No	No	No	Not applicable
Goodness of Fit (metric\| value \| unit) em.detail.goodnessFitValuesHelp ?	Adjusted R \| 69.9 \| Not applicable	R squared \| 45.2 \| Not applicable	None	R squared (taxa richness) \| 0.74 \| Not applicable p-value \| 0.0020 \| unitless	p-value \| <0.001 \| unitless Nagelkerke r2 \| 0.30-0.62 \| unitless	None	None	None	None	None	None
Model Operational Validation Reported? em.detail.validationHelp ?	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No ? Comment: Used the SWAN model (see below for referenece) with Generation 1 or 2 wind-wave formulations to validate the wave development portion of the model. Booij N, Ris RC, Holthuijsen LH. A third-generation wave model for coastal regions 1. Model description and validation. J Geophys Res. American Geophysical Union; 1999;104: 7649?7666.	No	No	Not applicable	Yes	Not applicable
Model Uncertainty Analysis Reported? em.detail.uncertaintyAnalysisHelp ?	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Not applicable	No	Not applicable	Unclear	Not applicable
Model Sensitivity Analysis Reported? em.detail.sensAnalysisHelp ?	No	No	No	No	No	No	Not applicable	Yes	Not applicable	Unclear	Not applicable
Model Sensitivity Analysis Include Interactions? em.detail.interactionConsiderHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable

EM Locations, Environments, Ecology

Location of EM Application

Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])

EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Europe France	Europe France	Europe Spain	None	North America United States Minnesota Wisconsin	North America Belize	North America United States Iowa	North America United States Illinois Minnesota Ohio Wisconsin	None	North America United States Washington	Europe United Kingdom

Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)

EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
None	None	None	Tropical Atlantic West Tropical Atlantic Tropical Southwestern Atlantic	None	Tropical Atlantic West Tropical Atlantic Tropical Northwestern Atlantic Western Caribbean	None	None	None	None	None

Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Centroid Latitude em.detail.ddLatHelp ?	45.05	45.05	43.25	17.75	46.72	18.63	42.93	42.26	Not applicable	47.55	52.04
Centroid Longitude em.detail.ddLongHelp ?	6.4	6.4	-2.92	-64.75	-96.13	-88.22	-92.57	-87.84	Not applicable	122.37	-4.39
Centroid Datum em.detail.datumHelp ?	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84	NAD83	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84	WGS84	Not applicable	None provided	WGS84
Centroid Coordinates Status em.detail.coordinateStatusHelp ?	Provided	Provided	Provided	Estimated	Estimated	Estimated	Provided	Estimated	Not applicable	Provided	Estimated

Environments and Scales Modeled

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Environmental Sub-Class em.detail.emEnvironmentalSubclassHelp ?	Agroecosystems \| Grasslands	Agroecosystems \| Grasslands	Aquatic Environment (sub-classes not fully specified) \| Rivers and Streams \| Near Coastal Marine and Estuarine \| Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified) \| Forests \| Agroecosystems \| Created Greenspace \| Grasslands \| Scrubland/Shrubland	Near Coastal Marine and Estuarine	Aquatic Environment (sub-classes not fully specified) \| Rivers and Streams \| Inland Wetlands \| Lakes and Ponds	Near Coastal Marine and Estuarine	Agroecosystems \| Grasslands	Terrestrial Environment (sub-classes not fully specified)	Open Ocean and Seas	Rivers and Streams	Rivers and Streams
Specific Environment Type em.detail.specificEnvTypeHelp ?	Subalpine terraces, grasslands, and meadows	Subalpine terraces, grasslands, and meadows.	none	stony coral reef	Freshwater estuarine system	coral reefs	Research farm in historic grassland	Lake Michigan & Lake Erie waterfront	Pelagic	small stream	River
EM Ecological Scale em.detail.ecoScaleHelp ?	Not applicable	Not applicable	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale is finer than that of the Environmental Sub-class	Ecological scale corresponds to the Environmental Sub-class

Scale and taxa of organisms modeled

Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled

EM ID em.detail.idHelp ?	EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
EM Organismal Scale em.detail.orgScaleHelp ?	Community	Community	Not applicable	Guild or Assemblage	Not applicable	Guild or Assemblage	Community	Not applicable	Other (Comment) ? Comment: Varied levels of taxonomic order	Species	Not applicable

Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified

EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
None Available	None Available	None Available	Genus Acropora Porites spp. Diploria spp. Species Mycetophylia lamarckiana Mycetophylia ferox Montastrea cavernosa Dichocoenia stokesii Meandrina meandrites Agaricia tenuifolia Agaricia fragilis Montastrea annularis Agaricia agaricites Dendrogyra cylindricus Millepora complanata Montastrea faveolata Porites astreoides Montastrea franksii	None Available	None Available	None Available	None Available	other Whiting shrimp Whales Seals Cod Phytoplankton Mackerel Benthos Zooplankton Anchovy	Species Coho salmon	None Available

EnviroAtlas URL

EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
GAP Ecological Systems	None Available	Percent IUCN Status II, Percent GAP Status 1 & 2	None Available	Average Annual Precipitation	GAP Ecological Systems, National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHD PlusV2), Average Annual Precipitation	GAP Ecological Systems	GAP Ecological Systems, Enabling Conditions	Big game hunting recreation demand	Carbon Storage by Tree Biomass	Average Annual Precipitation

EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)

EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
None	None	[Ecosystem] Cultural Physical and intellectual interactions with biota, ecosystems, and land-/seascapes [environmental settings] Physical and experiential interactions Physical use of land-/seascapes in different environmental settings Experiential use of plants, animals and land-/seascapes in different environmental settings Intellectual and representative interactions Aesthetic	[Non-ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance by natural physical structures and processes Maintenance of physical, chemical, abiotic conditions By natural chemical and physical processes Not applicable	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection Maintaining nursery populations and habitats	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Mediation of flows Liquid flows Flood protection Mass flows Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection Maintaining nursery populations and habitats Pollination and seed dispersal	None	[Ecosystem] Provisioning Nutrition Biomass Wild animals and their outputs [Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection Maintaining nursery populations and habitats	[Non-ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance by natural physical structures and processes Mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances By natural chemical and physical processes Not applicable	[Ecosystem] Regulation & Maintenance Mediation of flows Liquid flows Hydrological cycle and water flow maintenance Mass flows Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/national-ecosystem-services-classification-system-nescs-plus">National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS) Plus</a>

(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)

EM-65	EM-71	EM-193	EM-260	EM-414	EM-542	EM-719	EM-890	EM-964	EM-993	EM-998
Grasslands (23) Flora (5) Green biomass Stock Indicator Agroecosystems (22) Flora (5) Green biomass Stock Indicator	None	Near Coastal Marine/Estuarine (113) Composite (8) Presence of environmental class/subclass Site Characteristic Indicator Scapes: views, sounds and scents of land, sea, sky or a combination Site Characteristic Indicator Forests (21) Composite (8) Presence of environmental class/subclass Site Characteristic Indicator Scapes: views, sounds and scents of land, sea, sky or a combination Site Characteristic Indicator Grasslands (23) Composite (8) Presence of environmental class/subclass Site Characteristic Indicator Scapes: views, sounds and scents of land, sea, sky or a combination Site Characteristic Indicator Scrubland/Shrubland (24) Composite (8) Presence of environmental class/subclass Site Characteristic Indicator Scapes: views, sounds and scents of land, sea, sky or a combination Site Characteristic Indicator	Near Coastal Marine/Estuarine (113) Fauna (4) Invertebrates Quality Indicator	None	Near Coastal Marine/Estuarine (113) Composite (8) Regulation of extreme events Extreme Event Indicator Flow Indicator	Grasslands (23) Composite (8) Presence of environmental class/subclass Quality Indicator	None	Open Oceans and Seas (114) Fauna (4) Fish Flow Indicator	Rivers and Streams (111) Fauna (4) Fish Extreme Event Indicator ? Comment: Model identifies toxicant concentrations relative to the known LC50 for coho juveniles which is 95ng/L (Spromber and Scholz, 2011;	Rivers and Streams (111) Water (3) Liquid water Flow Indicator Soil (2) Specific types of soil Flow Indicator

EcoService Models Library (ESML)

Compare EMs

EM Variables by Variable Role

EM Variables by Category

All EM Descriptors

EM Descriptors by Modeling Concepts

Comparing:

EM Identity and Description

Comment:

Comment:

Related EMs (for example, other versions or derivations of this EM) described in ESML

EM Modeling Approach

Comment:

Comment:

Comment:

EM Locations, Environments, Ecology

Terrestrial location (Classification hierarchy: Continent > Country > U.S. State [United States only])

Marine location (Classification hierarchy: Realm > Region > Province > Ecoregion)

Centroid Lat/Long (Decimal Degree)

Scale of differentiation of organisms modeled

Comment:

Taxonomic level and name of organisms or groups identified

EnviroAtlas URL

EM Ecosystem Goods and Services (EGS) potentially modeled, by classification system

CICES v 4.3 - Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (Section > Division > Group > Class)

<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/national-ecosystem-services-classification-system-nescs-plus">National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS) Plus</a>

(Environmental Subclass > Ecological End-Product (EEP) > EEP Subclass > EEP Modifier)

Comment: